Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Distinguish between ideal and non-ideal solutions.
Solution
| Ideal solutions | Nonideal solutions | |
| 1. | Ideal solutions obey Raoult’s law over entire range of concentrations. | Nonideal solutions do not obey Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentrations. |
| 2. | The vapour pressure of ideal solution always lies between vapour pressures of pure components. | The vapour pressures of these solutions can be higher or lower than those of pure components. |
| 3. | Solvent-solute, solute-solute and solvent-solvent molecular interactions are comparable. | Solute-solvent intermolecular attractions may be weaker or stronger than those between solute-solute molecules and solvent-solvent molecules. |
| 4. | e.g. Benzene + toluene | e.g. Ethanol + acetone Carbon disulphide + acetone Phenol + aniline Chloroform + acetone |
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Choose the most correct option.
The vapour pressure of a solution containing 2 moles of a solute in 2 moles of water (vapour pressure of pure water = 24 mm Hg) is ______.
Choose the most correct option.
Vapour pressure of a solution is _______.
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
State Raoult’s law for a solution containing a nonvolatile solute.
Answer the following.
Using Raoult’s law, how will you show that ΔP = `"P"_1^0 "x"_2`? Where, x2 is the mole fraction of solute in the solution and `"P"_1^0` vapour pressure of pure solvent.
Fish generally needs O2 concentration in water at least 3.8 mg/L for survival. What partial pressure of O2 above the water is needed for the survival of fish? Given the solubility of O2 in water at 0 °C and 1 atm-1 partial pressure is 2.2 × 10-3 atm mol/L.
The vapour pressure of water at 20°C is 17 mm Hg. What is the vapour pressure of solution containing 2.8 g urea in 50 g of water?
A mixture of benzene and toluene contains 30% by mass of toluene. At 30 °C, vapour pressure of pure toluene is 36.7 mm Hg and that of pure benzene is 118.2 mm Hg. Assuming that the two liquids form ideal solutions, calculate the total pressure and partial pressure of each constituent above the solution at 30 °C.
State Raoult’s law.
What is enthalpy change and volume change of mixing of two components forming an ideal solution?
The vapour pressures of pure liquids A and B are 0.600 bar and 0.933 bar respectively, at a certain temperature.
What is the mole fraction of liquid B in the solution when the total vapour pressure of their mixture is 0.8 bar?
With the help of vapour pressure-temperature curves for solution and solvent, explain why boiling point of solvent is elevated when a nonvolatile solute is dissolved into it.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
Which of the following metals is refined by vapour phase refining in Mond process?
Which of the following is NOT nonideal solution?
9 gram anhydrous oxalic acid (mol. wt. = 90) was dissolved in 9.9 moles of water. If vapour pressure of pure water is pf the vapour pressure of solution is ______.
If 1 mole of ____________ is added to 1 dm3 of water, the boiling point of water will decrease.
For an ideal binary liquid solution with `"p"_"A"^circ > "P"_"B"^circ`, which is a relation between XA (mole fraction of A in liquid phase) and YA (mole fraction of A in vapour phase) is correct, XB and YB are mole fractions of B in liquid and vapour phase respectively?
Total vapour pressure of a mixture of 1 mole A`("p"_"A"^circ = 150 " torr")` and 2 mole B`("p"_"B"^circ = 240 " torr")` is 200 mm. In this case, ______.
What are ideal and non-ideal solutions?
The vapour pressures of two liquids A and B are 80 mmHg and 60 mm Hg respectively at 25°C. What is the vapour pressure of the solution obtained by mixing 3 moles of A and 2 moles of B?
State Raoult's law for solutions of volatile components.
The solutions that obey Raoult's law over entire range of concentrations are ______.
