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Question
Distinguish between
Mitosis and meiosis.
Solution
| Mitosis | Meiosis | |
| i) | In this, the nucleus divides only once. | In this, the nucleus divides twice (Meiosis I and Meiosis II) |
| ii) | In this, two daughter cells are formed. | In this, four daughter cells are formed. |
| iii) | It occurs in somatic cells and stem cells | It occurs in germ cells. |
| iv) | Daughter cells formed by mitotic division are diploid (2n). | Daughter cells formed by meiotic division are haploid (n). |
| v) | Mitosisplaysan an important role in growth, repair, healing, and development. | Meiosis is important for the formation of haploid gametes and spores. |
| vi) | It is also known as equational division as the daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. | Meiosis I is known as the reductional division where the chromosome number is reduced to half. Meiosis II is known as the equational division where the sister chromatids separate while the chromosome number remains the same. |
| vii) | The prophase stage is short and does not comprise synapsis, crossing over, and the formation of chiasmata. | The prophase I stage is very long. It comprises five stages. In the zygotene stage of meiosis I, the pairing of homologous chromosomes takes place. During the pachytene stage, crossing over occurs while in the diplotene stage, chiasmata formation occurs. |
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Study the diagram given below which represents a stage during the mitotic cell division and answer the questions that follow
(i) Identify the stage giving suitable reasons.
(ii) Name the parts numbered 1 and 2.
(iii) What is the technical term for the division of nucleus?
(iv) Mention the stage that comes before the stage shown in the diagram. Draw a neat labelled diagram of the stage mentioned.
(v) Which is the cell division that results in half the number of chromosomes in daughter cells?
The given diagram shows a stage during mitotic division in an animal cell
(i) Identify the stage. Give a reason to support your answer.
(ii) Draw a neat labelled diagram of the cell as it would appear in the next stage. Name the stage.
(iii) In what two ways is mitotic division in an animal cell different from the mitotic division in a plant cell?
(iv) Name the type of cell division that occurs during :
A. Growth of a shoot
B. Formation of pollen grains.
After mitotic cell division, a female human cell will have
A. 44 + XX chromosomes
B. 44 + XY chromosomes
C. 22 + X chromosomes
D. 22 + Y chromosomes
Given below is a diagram representing a stage during mitotic cell division. Study it carefully and answer the questions which follow :
(i) Is it a plant cell or an animal cell? Give a reason to support your answer.
(ii) Identify the stage shown.
(iii) Name the stage which follows the one shown here. How is that stage identified?
(iv) How will you differentiate between mitosis and meiosis on the basis of the chromosome number in the daughter cells?
(v) Draw a duplicated chromosome and label its parts.
Imagine one cell (A) has undergone one mitotic division and another cell (B) has completed its meiotic division. How many cells would the two produce?
Cell A: ______
Cell B: ______
Mitosis occurs in our ______ cells.
Fill in the blank :
Mitosis produces two daughter cells whereas meiosis produces ______ daughter cells.
Mention whether the following statement is (T) Or (F). Give reason in support of your answer.
Mitotic cell division can be a mode of reproduction.
With the help of suitable diagrams, explain mitosis in detail.
Given below is a diagram representing a stage during mitotic cell division. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow:
(i) Is it a plant cell or an animal cell? Give a reason to support your answer.
(ii) Identify the stage shown.
(iii) Name the stage that follows the one shown here. How is that stage identified?
(iv) How will you differentiate between mitosis and meiosis on the basis of the chromosome number in the daughter cells?
Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:
Mitosis results in four daughter cells.
Multiple Choice Question:
Cell division occurring in somatic cells is
The spindle fibres start appearing from _______ stage of karyokinesis.
___________ cells divide by mitosis.
_________ is not a part of mitosis.
