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Question
Does geographical isolation of individuals of a species lead to formation of a new species? Provide a suitable explanation.
Solution
Yes, geographical isolation of individuals of a species lead to formation of a new species. Suppose two sub-populations of beetle living in a mountain become separated by a river and there is very low gene flow between them. Over generations, due to the processes of genetic drift and natural selection, these two populations of beetles become different from each other and they are unable to reproduce with each other even if they happen to meet. Slowly the separated individuals will reproduce among themselves and generate new variations. Continuous accumulation of those variations through a few generations may ultimately lead to the formation of a new species.
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