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Question
Elements of group 1 and elements of group 17 both have valency 1. Explain.
Solution
Group 1 elements contain a single electron in their valence shell, which they lose to acquire stability. As a result, they have a valency of 1+. Elements in group 17 have 7 electrons in their valence shell but lack one electron to make an octet. They gain one electron and have a 1− valency.
\[\ce{\underset{(2, 8, 1)}{Na}- e- -> \underset{(2, 8)}{Na+}}\]
\[\ce{\underset{(2, 8, 7)}{Cl}+ e- -> \underset{(2, 8, 8)}{Cl-}}\]
Hence, elements of group 1 and elements of group 17 both have valency 1.
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