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Question
Explain any five major problems posed by the First World War in India.
Solution
Following were five major problems posed by the First World War in India:
i. The First World War resulted in a massive increase in defense expenditure for the British Government. This was financed by the British through war loans and increase in taxes. To this end, the government increased the customs duties and also introduced income tax.
ii. There was continuous price rise as a result of the War. The prices nearly doubled between 1913 and 1918. This caused many hardships for the common populace.
iii. The government launched a programme of forced recruitment of soldiers in the rural areas which led to widespread resentment.
iv. In 1918-19 and 1920-21, there was crop failure in many parts of the country. This caused major shortage of food and further added to the miseries of the common man.
v. The crop failure was followed by an influenza epidemic which caused 12 to 13 million deaths.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Two features A and B are marked in the political outline map of India given below. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked in the map:
A. The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in 1927.
B. The place which is associated with the movement of Indigo Planters.
How (nationwide satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act 1919) was it organised?
How did different social groups conceive the idea of 'Non-Cooperation'? Explain with examples.
Why did Mahatma Gandhiji decide to launch a nationwide satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act? Explain any three reasons.
Describe any three suppressive measures taken by the British administration to clampdown on nationalists.
Explain Why Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act.
Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them.
- The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held.
- The city where the Jallianwalla Bagh incident took place.
Answer the following question.
How did the Non-Cooperation movement start with the participation of middle-class people in the cities? Explain its impact on the economic front.
Why did Gandhiji decide to withdraw the 'Non-Cooperation Movement' in February 1922? Explain any three reasons.
Read the given case and answer the questions that follow:
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Mahatma Gandhi's thoughts on Satyagraha 'It is said of "passive resistance" that it is the weapon of the weak, but the power which is the subject of this article can be used only by the strong. This power is not passive resistance; indeed it calls for intense activity. The movement in South Africa was not passive but active ... .' 'Satyagraha is not a physical force. A satyagrahi does not inflict pain on the adversary; he does not seek his destruction ... In the use of satyagraha, there is no ill-will whatever. 'Satyagraha is pure soul-force. 'Truth is the very substance of the soul. That why is this force is called satyagraha. The soul is informed with knowledge. In it burns the flame of love ... Non-violence is the supreme dharma ... 'It is certain that India cannot rival Britain or Europe in force of arms. The British worship the war-god and they can all of them become, as they are becoming, bearers of arms. The hundreds of millions in India can never carry arms. They have made the religion of non-violence their own ...' |
- What type of movement Gandhiji organised in South Africa?
- Why is satyagraha considered as pure soul-force?
- How has Gandhiji described passive resistance?
