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Question
Explain any five theoretical branches of Psychology.
Answer in Brief
Solution
Theoretical Psychology focuses mainly on conducting research, developing principles, formulating theories and establishing laws to explain human behaviour. Psychology as a theoretical science includes many areas of specialization.
Theoretical Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Social Psychology
- Cognitive Psychology
- Experimental Psychology
- Abnormal Psychology
- Developmental Psychology - It studies changes in behaviour over the lifespan i.e., from conception till death. It is the scientific study of how and why inter-individual and intra-individual changes occur over the course of life. Developmental Psychology studies changes across dimensions like physical motor- development, cognitive development and social - emotional development. Some developmental psychologists restrict their study to a specific period of life such as childhood (child psychology), old age (geriatric psychology), etc.
- Social Psychology - It is the scientific study of how an individual's behaviour is affected by others. It is the study of people as members of groups, involving interpersonal relationships and interactions. Social psychology is a study of group structure, processes and functioning; issues such as cooperation, competition, group conflicts, empathy, leadership, attitudes, etc.
- Cognitive Psychology - The term 'cognition' means knowledge or understanding. Cognitive Psychology investigates aspects of cognition (higher mental processes) such as thinking reasoning, memory, decision-making, perception, language development, etc. It studies human information processing.
- Experimental Psychology - The aim of Experimental Psychology is to conduct laboratory experiments to understand the fundamental causes of behaviour. It deals with topics such as sensation, perception, reasoning, emotional reactivity, learning and memory, etc.
- Abnormal Psychology - It is the branch of Psychology that aims to study the causes of any behaviour that deviates from what is considered as 'normal' or 'acceptable behaviour'. It studies unusual patterns of thinking, feeling and acting for e.g., depression, phobias, mood disorders, mental retardation, schizophrenia, etc.
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Theoretical Branches
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| 1. | Developmental Psychology | a) | studies organisations, human factor design and employee training |
| 2. | Criminal Psychology | b) | studies how people become who they are from conception to death |
| 3. | Educational Psychology | c) | Studies thinking process |
| 4. | Industrial Psychology | d) | Helps educators to promote learning |
| 5. | Social Psychology | e) | studies criminal behaviour |
| 6. | Cognitive Psychology | f) | studies the influence of other people upon an individual’s behaviour. |
Match the following pairs.
| A | B |
| 1. Developmental Psychology | a) Studies organisations, human factor design, and employee training |
| 2. Criminal Psychology | b) Studies how people become who they are from conception to death |
| 3. Educational Psychology | c) Studies thinking process |
| 4. Industrial Psychology | d) Helps educators to promote learning |
| 5. Social Psychology | e) Studies criminal behaviour |
| 6. Cognitive Psychology | f) Studies the influence of other people upon an individual’s behaviour |
Match the following pairs.
| A | B | ||
| 1. | Developmental Psychology | a) | Studies organisations, human factor design, and employee training |
| 2. | Criminal Psychology | b) | Studies how people become who they are from conception to death |
| 3. | Educational Psychology | c) | Studies thinking process |
| 4. | Industrial Psychology | d) | Helps educators to promote learning |
| 5. | Social Psychology | e) | Studies criminal behaviour |
| 6. | Cognitive Psychology | f) | Studies the influence of other people upon an individual’s behaviour |
Match the following pairs.
| A | B |
| 1. Developmental Psychology | a) studies organizations, human factor design and employee training |
| 2. Criminal Psychology | b) studies how people become who they are from conception to death |
| 3. Educational Psychology | c) Studies thinking process |
| 4. Industrial Psychology | d) Helps educators to promote learning |
| 5. Social Psychology | e) studies criminal behaviour |
| 6. Cognitive Psychology | f) studies the influence of other people upon an individual's behaviour. |
