Question

Explain in brief two merits of Water transport.

State the merits of water transport.

Explain the advantages of water transport.

Under what conditions water transport is suitable?

Answer 1

1. Low cost: Water transport is the cheapest and oldest mode of transport. Rivers and oceans are natural tracks, and no capital investment is required for construction and maintenance. The cost of fuel is low due to the force of the water and the smooth surface of the sea.
2. Large capacity: A ship has a large carrying capacity and, therefore, water transport is highly suitable for heavy cargo. Bulky and heavy goods like coal, iron ore, timber, etc., can be carried over long distances. Economies of scale can be secured.
3. Suitability: In water transport, fragile goods like glassware can be carried without much risk of damage because of the natural flow and slow speed. There is not much shaking or jolting.
4. Less congestion: Due to the greater capacity for traffic on the sea, the possibility of traffic congestion is comparatively less.
5. Flexibility: water transport can be adjusted to meet individual requirements, and therefore, it provides flexible service.
6. Safety: The risks of accidents and breakdowns in water transport are comparatively less. However, goods are exposed to the 'perils of the sea'.
7. Indispensable for trade: Overseas shipping is essential to foreign trade. Railways and motor vehicles cannot carry goods from one continent to another. Shipping serves as the 'unifier of the world' by bringing different countries closer.

Answer 2

1. It is used to carry huge quantities of bulky and heavy goods.
2. For low-cost transportation.
3. For transporting goods across the seas.
4. For the safe carrying of goods.
5. For flexibility in transport.