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Question
Explain Lavoisier’s experiment which provided evidence to the discovery of components in air.
Solution
Lavoisier’s experiment for the discovery of oxygen. Set up in apparatus as shown in the figure. When mercury oxide is heated in the retort, oxygen is collected in bell jar.
Observation:
- A red layer was formed in the heated mercury surface in the retort.
- The level of mercury in the trough rose by 1/5.
Conclusion: The active part of air removed by mercury on heating was named ‘oxygen’.The remaining inactive part of air in the bell-jar was named nitrogen.
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