Question

Explain the important feature of Indian agriculture.

Answer 1

An important feature of Indian agriculture was the large number of crops that were cultivated. The peasant in India was more knowledgeable about many crops as compared to peasants in most of the world at the time. A variety of food grains like wheat, rice, and millets were grown apart from lentils and oilseeds. Many other commercial crops were also grown such as sugarcane, cotton, and indigo. Other than the general food crops, south India had a regional specialization in pepper, cinnamon, spices, and coconut.

In general, two different crops were grown in different seasons, which protected the productivity of the soil. Maize and tobacco were two new crops that were introduced after the arrival of the Europeans. Many new varieties of fruit or horticultural crops like papaya, pineapple, guava, and cashew nut were also introduced which came from the west, especially America. Potatoes, chilies, and tomatoes also became an integral part of Indian food.