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Question
Explain the rights conferred under Right to Freedom (Article 19).
Solution
Article 19 of the Constitution specifically guarantees to the citizens of India six basic freedoms, they are :
Freedom of Speech and Expression, Freedom of peaceable assembly without arms, Freedom to form associations, Freedom of movement throughout the territory of India, of residing and settling in any part and Freedom of practicing any profession and carrying on any occupation, trade or business. These freedoms are recognized as the natural rights inherent in the status of a citizen.
Article 19(1) guarantees to every citizen the right to freedom of speech and expression. This means that every citizen is free to express his views, believes and convictions freely and without inhibitions by word of mouth, through writing, printing, picturizing or in any other manner.
Article 19(1)B secures to all citizens of India the right to assemble peacefully and without arms. This consequentially leads to the conferment of the right to hold public meetings and demonstrations and take out processions peacefully.
Article 19(1)C guarantees to all citizens the right to form associations and unions for pursuing lawful purposes subjected to reasonable restrictions.
Article 19(1)D guarantees all citizens the freedom to reside and settle in any part of the country except for those where the interest of the public are being hindered.
Article 19(1)E guarantees all citizens the freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India, with a restriction on the basis of the interest of the general public.
Article 19(1)G says that every citizen of India has the right to practice any profession or to carry on any profession, occupation, trade or business. The right to carry on a business includes the right to close it any time the owner likes.
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