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Question
Explain with the help of one example how genetically modified plants can:
- Reduce usage of chemical pesticides
- Enhance nutritional value of food crops
Solution
- Reduce usage of chemical pesticides: Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt for short). Bt toxin gene has been cloned from the bacteria and been expressed in plants to provide resistance to insects without the need for insecticides; in effect created a bio-pesticide. Examples are Bt cotton, Bt com, rice, tomato, potato and soyabean etc.
- Enhance nutritional value of food crops: Golden rice is the transgenic variety of basmati rice which gives high yield and rich in vitamin A, so it is used in the deficiency of vitamin-A causing night blindness and skin disorder.
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