Question

From the given data compare and analyse the Population Density and Fertility Rate of China and Pakistan, with valid reasons:

Demographic Indicators, 2017-18
Country	Estimated Population  (in million)	Annual Growth of Population	Population Density  (Per sq. km)	Sex Ratio	Fertility Rate	Urbanisation
India	1352	1.03	455	924	2.2	34
China	1393	0.46	148	949	1.7	59
Pakistan	212	2.05	275	943	3.6	37

Answer 1

The demographics of China, India, and Pakistan in 2017–18 are detailed in the table. The following are the analyses of Pakistan and China:

1. Pakistan's population density is higher than China's. Due to urbanization, limited land supply, and fast population increase, Pakistan has a higher population density of 275 persons per square kilometer. On the other hand, China has a lower population density of 148 persons per square kilometer while having a huge population because of its large land area and government programs like population control and urban planning.
2. Pakistan's fertility rate is 3.6, while China's is 1.7. China's fertility rate is low due to economic progress, urbanization, and the one-child policy. Pakistan, on the other hand, has a higher fertility rate due to traditional societal norms, restricted access to family planning options, and cultural preferences for larger families.