Question

How have physical and economic factor influenced the distribution pattern of the Indian Railway Network? Explain with examples.

Examine the factors that influence the distribution pattern of the railway network in India.

Answer 1

Physical and economic factors have influenced the Indian Railways network's distribution pattern in the following ways:

1. Northern Plain: The development of railways in these plains has been aided by level land, high population density, and abundant agricultural resources. However, a large number of rivers necessitated the construction of bridges across their wide river beds, which presented some challenges.
2. Peninsular region and the Himalayan region: The terrain is hilly. The railway lines run through low hills, gaps, and tunnels. As a result, laying railway lines is extremely difficult. Because of the high relief, sparse population, and lack of economic opportunities, the Himalayan mountainous regions are also unsuitable for railway line construction.
3. Desert of Rajasthan: It is also difficult to lay railway lines on the sandy plains of western Rajasthan, which has hampered railway development.
4. Swamps in Gujarat and forested areas in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, and Jharkhand are also unsuitable for railway development.
5. Only gaps or passes could be used to cross the entire length of the Sahyadri. Although the Konkan railway along the west coast has been developed, it has encountered a number of issues, including track sinking in some stretches and landslides.