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Question
Humanistic Psychologists like Maslow consider Personality as a continuing process of personal growth and realisation.
Explain this statement by giving any four stages of the Theory of Personality as given by Mastow.
Solution
The four stages are:
- Physiological Needs: Physiological needs are the most important on Maslow's hierarchy of needs, as they are necessary for human survival. Essentials include food, water, shelter, air, and sleep. Basic physiological needs must be supplied before individuals may satisfy higher-level demands. Individuals with limited access to food and water may prioritize meeting these basic necessities.
- Safety Needs: When physiological demands are met, individuals prefer to prioritize their safety. Safety encompasses stability, security, and defense against potential threats. This includes personal well-being, financial stability, physical safety, and health. Individuals seeking safety may prioritize access to healthcare, a secure living environment, and stable job.
- Love and Belongingness Needs: After meeting safety and physiological needs, individuals prioritize love and belongingness. During this stage, individuals seek love, affection, friendship, and a sense of belonging in social interactions and groups. To meet emotional needs, individuals want approval, closeness, and connection from others. To fulfill the need for affection and belonging, individuals can form close friendships, participate in social activities, and nurture familial relationships.
- Esteem Needs: According to Maslow's hierarchy, the fourth level is esteem requirements, which include both internal (self-respect, confidence) and external (recognition, status). Individuals seek self-esteem and respect from others through accomplishments, recognition, and skill mastery. Individuals with low self-esteem tend to seek accomplishment, skill, and recognition in both personal and professional areas. Getting congratulations on successes, being promoted, and feeling pleased of one's achievements can satisfy self-esteem demands.
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