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Question
Identify the acidic oxides responsible for acid rain. State how their presence results in formation of acid rain. Give a reason why acid rain damages heritage buildings.
Solution
Basic reactions for products formed in acid rain
- Sulphuric impurities in coal – form pollutant sulphur dioxide [SO2] and sulphur trioxide [SO3]
Sulphur dioxide + water vapour → Sulphurous acid [H2SO3]
Sulphur trioxide + water vapour→ Sulphuric acid [H2SO4] - Nitrogen in air at high temperatures form pollutant nitric oxide [NO] and nitrogen dioxide [NO2]
Nitric oxide + oxygen → nitrogen dioxide [NO2] Nitrogen dioxide + water → Nitrous acid [HNO2] and Nitric acid [HNO3]
Acid rain corrodes metallic surfaces & weakens building materials such as statues, marble, limestone [CaCO3] etc. It causes damage to heritage structures such as the Taj Mahal, which is predominantly made of lime stone and reacts with acids present in acid rain.
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