Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
“Income and Expenditure Account of a Not-for-Profit Organisation is akin to Profit and Loss Account of a business concern”. Explain the statement.
Solution
Income and Expenditure Account (I&E) is similar to Profit and Loss Account (P&L), in the sense that the former is prepared by Not-for-profit-Organisations and the latter is prepared by profit earning organisations. Both the accounts are prepared on the accrual basis.
Similar to the P&L, all the expenses and losses pertaining to the current accounting period are recorded on the debit side (Expenditure side) and all the gains and income of the current accounting period are recorded on the credit side (Income side) of the I&E. The balancing figure of the I&E is surplus or deficit and that of the P&L is net profit or net loss. Both the accounts record only revenue items which are related to the current accounting period.
Similarities between Income and Expenditure Account and Profit and Loss Account
I&E Account of an NPO is akin to the Profit and Loss Account of a profit earning business in the following manners.
1. Nature of Account: Both the concerned accounts are nominal in nature.
2. Basis of Recording: Both the accounts record only revenue expenses and revenue income related to the current accounting period. The items of capital nature are not ignored while preparing these accounts.
3. Period: Transactions related to current year are recorded in Income and Expenditure account in the same manner in which profit and loss account is prepared. Transactions related to previous year or next year are excluded.
4. Adjustments: The treatment of adjustments like, outstanding expenses, prepaid expenses, income received in advance, income due but not received, depreciation, bad debts etc. is same as that in Profit and Loss Account. Thus, both the accounts are prepared on the accrual basis.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
From the following receipts and payments and information given below, Prepare Income and Expenditure Account and opening Balance Sheet of Adult Literacy Organisation as on December 31, 2017.
Receipt and Payment Account for the year ending
as on December 31, 2017
| Receipts | Amount (Rs) | Payments | Amount (Rs) | |
| Balance b/d | General Expenses | 3,200 | ||
| Cash in hand | 4000 | News paper | 1850 | |
| Cash at Bank | 15550 | Electricity | 3000 | |
| Subscriptions | Fixed deposit with bank (on 31.06.2017) @ 10% p.a. |
18000 | ||
| 2016 | 1200 | 28200 | Books | 7000 |
| 2017 | 26500 | Salary | 3600 | |
| 2018 | 500 | Rent | 6500 | |
| Sale of old newspapers | 1250 | Postage charges | 300 | |
| Govt. grant | 12000 | Furniture (purchased) | 10500 | |
| Sale of old furniture (book value Rs 5, 000) | 3700 | Balance c/d | ||
| Interest received on FD | 450 | Cash in Hand | 3000 | |
| Cash at Bank | 8200 | |||
| 65150 | 65150 | |||
Information:
- Subscription outstanding as on 31.12. 2016 Rs 2,000 and on December 31, 2017 Rs 1,500.
- On December 31, 2017 Salary outstanding Rs 600, and one month rent paid in advance.
- On Jan. 01, 2016 organization owned Furniture Rs 12,000, Books Rs 5,000.
From the following information of a club show the amounts of match expenses and match fund in the appropriate Financial Statements of the club for the year ended on 31st March, 2019:
| Particulars | ₹ |
| Match expenses paid during the year ended 31st March, 2019 | 1,02,000 |
| Match Fund as on 31st March, 2019 | 24,000 |
| Donation for Match Fund (Received during the year ended 31st March, 2019) | 40,000 |
| Proceeds from the sale of match tickets (Received during the year ended 31st March, 2019) | 15,000 |
How are the following items dealt with while preparing Income and Expenditure Account of a club for the year ended 31st March, 2019?
| 1st April, 2018 (₹) |
31st March, 2019 (₹) | |
| Outstanding Locker Rent | 4,600 | 6,300 |
| Advance Locker Rent | 3,000 | 4,000 |
Locker Rent received during the year ended 31st March, 2019 – ₹ 52,000.
Prepare Income and Expenditure Account from the following Receipts and Payments Account of Delhi Nursing Society for the year ended 31st March, 2019
| Dr. | Receipts and Payment Account for the year ended 31st March, 2019 |
Cr. | |||
| Receipts | Amount (₹) | Payments | Amount (₹) | ||
| To Balanceb/d (Cash at Bank) |
2,01,000 | By Salaries of Nurses | 65,600 | ||
| To Sunscriptions | 1,11,500 | By Board, Laundry and Domestic Help | 38,000 | ||
| To Fees from Non-members | 27,000 | By Rent, Rates and Taxes | 20,000 | ||
| To Government Grant | 1,00,000 | By Cost of Car | 2,00,000 | ||
| To Donations for Building Fund | 1,56,000 | By Expenses of Car | 84,000 | ||
| To Interest | 3,800 | By Drugs and Incidental Expenses | 67,000 | ||
| By Balance c/d (Cash at Bank) | 1,24,700 | ||||
| 5,99,300 | 5,99,300 | ||||
Donation of ₹ 10,000 received for Building Fund was wrongly included in the Subscriptions Account. A bill of medicines purchased during the year amounted to ₹12,800 was outstanding. Government Grant is not for a specific purpose.
Present the following information for the year ended 31st March 2018 in the financial statements of a not-for-profit organisation.
| Particulars | (₹) |
| Opening balance of Match Fund | 5,00,000 |
| Sale of Match tickets | 3,75,000 |
| Donations for Match Fund received during the year | 1,24,000 |
| Match expenses | 10,00,000 |
The Income and Expenditure Account is prepared on which basis with the help of the Receipts and Payments Account?
Arrange the Steps in Ascending order in the preparation of the income and Expenditure Account?
- Pursue the Receipt and Payment Account thoroughly.
- Exclude the opening and closing balances of cash and bank as they are not an income.
- Consider the following items not appearing in the Receipt and Payment Account that need to be taken into account for determining the surplus I deficit for the current year: (1) Depreciation affixed assets. (2) Provision for doubtful debts, if required. (3) Profit or loss on sale of affixed assets.
- Consider only the revenue receipts to be shown on the income side of the Income and Expenditure Account. Some of these need to be adjusted by excluding the amounts relating to the preceding and the succeeding periods and including the amounts relating to the current year not yet received.
- Take the revenue expenses to the expenditure side of the Income and Expenditure Account with due adjustments as per the additional information provided relating to the amounts received in advance and those not yet received.
- Exclude the capital receipts and capital payments as these are to be shown in the Balance Sheet.
Name the funds which are invested in securities and the income earned on such investments is added to the respective fund and not credited to the Income and Expenditure Account.
How would you treat the following item in the case of a 'not-for-profit 'organization?
"Receipts from Charity Show Rs.7,000. Expenses on Charity Show Rs.3,000".
If there is no 'Match Fund', then match expenses are transferred to:
Subscription Outstanding at the beginning of the current year will be:
Subscriptions received in cash during the year amount to ₹ 50,000, the amount received in advance for the next year is ₹ 5,000, and the amount outstanding for the current year was ₹ 5,000. The amount to be debited to the Income and Expenditure Account is:
Salary paid for the year ended 31st March, 2010 amounted to ₹ 75,000. How much amount will be recorded in Income and Expenditure Account in the following case?
| Year | 31-3-2009 | 31-3-2010 |
| Outstanding Salary | 6,500 | 6,000 |
| Prepaid Salary | 1,200 | 1,000 |
Which financial statement is a nominal account in the case of a not-profit earning entity?
The opening balance of Prize Fund was ₹ 32,800. During the year, donations received towards this fund amounted to ₹ 15,400 amount spent on prizes was ₹ 12,300 and interest received on Prize Fund Investment was ₹ 4,000. The closing balance of Prize Fund will be ______.
From the following information, calculate the amount of stationery to be shown in Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 31st March, 2021:
| Particulars | 1st April, 2020 (₹) |
31st March, 2021 (₹) |
| Creditors for Stationery | 5,600 | 12,800 |
| Stock of Stationery | 25,000 | 35,000 |
During the year ended 31st March, 2021 payments made to creditors amounted to ₹ 62,800. Stationery purchased during the year was ₹ 2,00,000.
From the following 'Receipts and Payments Account' of Golden Club for the year ended 31.3.2022, prepare Income and Expenditure Account:
| Receipts and Payments Account of Golden Club for the year ended 31.3.2022 |
|||||
| Receipts | Amount (₹) | Amount (₹) | Payments | Amount (₹) | Amount (₹) |
| Balance b/d | Honorarium | 75,000 | |||
| Cash | 70,000 | 2,70,000 | Stationery | 15,000 | |
| Bank | 2,00,000 | Electricity Bill | 35,000 | ||
| Subscriptions | 2,00,000 | Rent | 1,20,000 | ||
| Entrance Fees | 50,000 | Furniture | 1,80,000 | ||
| Sale of old newspaper | 2,000 | Fixed Deposit @ 9% p.a. on 31.03.2022 | 1,00,000 | ||
| Sale of old furniture (book value ₹ 10,000) | 4,000 | Balancec/d | |||
| Donations | 45,000 | Cash | 26,000 | 76,000 | |
| Life membership fees | 30,000 | Bank | 50,000 | ||
| 6,01,000 | 6,01,000 | ||||
Additional Information:
- Club had 1750 members each paying an annual subscription of ₹ 100.
- Furniture was purchased on 31.3.2022.
