Question

Read the extract and complete the activities given below:

It is a matter of general agreement that the war has had a chilling effect upon those little everyday civilities of behaviour that sweeten the general air. We must get those civilities back if we are to make life kindly and tolerable for each other. We cannot get them back by invoking the law. The policeman is a necessary symbol and the law is a necessary institution for a society that is still some-what lower than the angels. But the law can only protect us against material attack. Nor will the lift-man's way of meeting moral affront by physical violence help us to restore civilities. I suggest to him, that he would have had more subtle and effective revenge if he had treated the gentleman who would not say "Please" with elaborate politeness. He would have had the victory, not only over the boor, but over himself, and that is the victory that counts. The polite man may lose the material advantage, but he always has the spiritual victory. I commend to the lift-man a story of Chesterfield. In his time the London streets were without the pavements of today, and the man who "took the wall" had the driest footing. "I never give the wall to a scoundrel;' said a man who met Chesterfield one day in the street. "I always do;· said Chesterfield stepping with a bow into the road. I hope the lift-man will agree that his revenge was much more sweet than if he had flung the fellow into the mud.

A1. Rewrite the following sentences as per their occurrence in the extract:  (2)

1. "Nothing clears up my spirits like a fine day".
2. If bad manners are infectious, so also are good manners.
3. In lightening their spirits he lightened his own task.
4. If we encounter incivility most of us are apt to become uncivil.

A2. Explain:   (2)

The writer says, "...... and a cheerful person descends on even the gloomiest of us with something of the benediction of a fine day.

A3. Give reason:  (2)

His gaiety was not a wasteful luxury, but a sound investment.

A4. Personal response:   (2)

Nor will the lift-man's way of meeting moral affront by physical violence help us to restore civilities. Express your opinion.

A5. Grammar:   (2)

Do as directed

1. When the tower tumbles, he learns to approach the task in a different way. (Rewrite the sentence using 'as soon as')
2. Ordinary toys help in the child's psychological and physical development. (Rewrite the sentence using 'not only......but also')

A6. Vocabulary:  (2)

Verb	Noun	Adjective
______	development	______
entertain	______	______

Answer 1

A1.

(b) If bad manners are infectious, so also are good manners.

(d) If we encounter incivility most of us are apt to become uncivil.

(a) "Nothing clears up my spirits like a fine day''.

(c) In lightening their spirits he lightened his own task.

A2. The happiest person finds a happy and fun-loving individual to be a blessing in disguise.

A3. His upbeat attitude didn't go to waste; instead, it kept everyone pleased, which is what happened as a result of his polite demeanour. This was an effective approach to prevent arguments on a crowded bus caused by unhappy moods that a passenger might be experiencing.

A4. We cannot correct a violent individual who has violated our self-respect and insulted us. Since the law forbids physical violence and cannot enforce civil behaviour, it will only get us into deeper problems.

A5. 

1. As soon as the tower tumbles, he learns to approach the task indifferent way.
2. Ordinary toys not only help in the child's psychological development but also in physical development.

A6. 

Verb	Noun	Adjective
develop	development	developing
entertain	entertainment	entertaining