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Question
List any three important characteristics of a population and explain.
Solution
The three important characteristics of a population are:
1) Birth and death rate
2) Age structure
3) Sex ratio
- The birth rate (natality) of a population is the average number of young people born per unit of time (typically per year). In humans, it is generally represented as the number of births per 1,000 people in the population annually. A population's death rate (mortality) is the average number of people who die in a certain period of time (typically one year). In humans, it is typically represented as the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population each year.
- The age structure of a population is the percentage of people of various ages, such as young, adult, and elderly. Organisms in which individuals from multiple generations coexist indicate age structure. A population's age distribution indicates its current reproductive status and shows what to expect in the future. The population is separated into three age groups: pre-reproductive, reproductive, and post-reproductive.
- The sex ratio of a population is the number of females per thousand male persons. According to the 2001 census, our country has 933 females for every 1,000 males. The number of females in a population is significant since it is frequently directly proportional to the number of births. The number of men may be less important in some species because a single male can mate with multiple females.
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