Question

Mendel crossed a round and yellow seeded pea plant with a wrinkled and green seeded pea plant. What did the plants of F₁ generation look like in terms of shape and colour of seed? On self pollinating F₁ generation plants, plants with four types of combinations of characters were seen in F₂ generation. Write the combinations along with their ratios.

Answer 1

1. F₁ Generation (First Filial Generation): In the F₁ generation, Mendel crossed a round yellow-seeded pea plant with a wrinkled green-seeded plant. The F₁ generation of plants inherited the dominant features of its parents, including spherical and yellow seeds.
2. F₂ Generation (Second Filial Generation): Mendel discovered unique features in the F₂ generation after self-pollinating the F₁ generation plants. Mendel's segregation and independent assortment laws determine the four types of pairings and their corresponding ratios.
   1. Round and Yellow Seeds (9 : 3 : 3 : 1): 9 plants had round and yellow seeds.
   2. Round and Green Seeds (9 : 3 : 3 : 1): 3 plants had round and green seeds.
   3. Wrinkled and Yellow Seeds (9 : 3 : 3 : 1): 3 plants had wrinkled and yellow seeds.
   4. Wrinkled and Green Seeds (9 : 3 : 3 : 1): 1 plant had wrinkled and green seeds.

The F₂ generation has a phenotypic ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1, representing various seed shape and colour combinations due to independent allele assortment.

F2		RY	Ry	rY	ry
	RY	RRYY	RRYy	RrYY	RrYy
	Ry	RRYy	RRyy	RrYy	Rryy
	rY	RrYY	RrYy	rrYY	rrYy
	ry	RrYy	Rryy	rrYy	rryy