Question

Observe the given image and write in brief about it.

Answer 1

In a narrow sense, it focuses on those aspects of administration that are related to only the executive branch of the government. This view was given by Gullick and Urwick in their famous acronym POSDCORB.

P - Planning: The first step in administration is planning where a broad outline or a blueprint is prepared. This happens at all three levels: National, State, and Local, For instance, the NIT! Aayog has adopted a bottom-up approach where planning begins at the grassroots level and then reaches the top.

O - Organisation: The planned objectives and goals are achieved by establishing the formal structure of authority through which the work is arranged, defined and coordinated. For example, All India Services, Central, State, and Local Services.

S - Staffing: Human resources are the backbone of any administrative system. The personnel who actively engage in the process of administration are to be recruited and trained. It is also important to maintain favorable working conditions for them. For example, recruitment through UPSC.

D - Directing: Administration is a continuous activity. Therefore making decisions and embodying them in specific and general orders and instructions is also necessary.

CO - Co-ordination: Administration is a complex and interrelated process hence different parts of an organisation such as branches, divisions, sections need to be co-ordinated. This helps in the elimination of overlapping work and prevents conflict.

R - Reporting: Information related to the on-going or completed task and its reporting to higher authorities is a key aspect of administration. This ensures accountability and responsibility within the administration.

B - Budgeting: Finance is a key aspect of any activity. Therefore accounting, fiscal planning, and its control are maintained through budgeting.