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Question
Sketch the structure of two allotropes of carbon namely diamond and graphite. What is the impact of structure on physical properties of two allotropes?
Solution
Diamond:
The structure of diamond
The rigid 3-D structure of diamond makes it a very hard substance. In fact, diamond is one of the hardest naturally-occurring substances. It is used as an abrasive and for cutting tools.
The structure of graphite
It has sp2 hybridised carbon, arranged in the form of layers. These layers are held together by weak van der Walls’ forces. These layers can slide over each other, making graphite soft and slippery. Therefore, it is used as a lubricant.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Give reasons: Diamond is used as an abrasive.
What are allotropes?
Which of the following is a crystalline form of carbon?
Assertion : Among the carbon allotropes, diamond is an insulator, whereas, graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
Reason : Hybridization of carbon in diamond and graphite are sp3 and sp2, respectively.
