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Question
State the main arguments in the debate that ensued between industrialisation and agricultural development at the time of the Second Five Year Plan.
Solution
At the time of Second Five Year Plan, some controversial issues rose in reference of relevancy of agriculture over industry.
1. Second Five Year Plan emphasised on industry in place of agriculture or rural India.
2. J.C. Kumarappa, a Gandhian Economist proposed an alternative blueprint to emphasise on rural industrialisation.
3. Bharatiya Lok Dal leader, Chaudhary Charan Singh also commented that the planning leading to creation of prosperity in Urban and industrial sections at the cost of rural welfare. Others debated that without an increase in industrial sector poverty could not be alleviated:
- India planning did not have an agrarian strategy to boost the production of food grains.
- It also proposed programmes of community development and spent large sums on irrigation project and failure was not that of policy but of its non¬implementation because of the politics of land owning classes.
(in) Besides, they also argued that every if the government had spent more money on agriculture it would not have solved the massive problem of rural poverty.
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Study the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
India adopted a democratic approach to the question of diversity. Democracy allows the political expressions of regional aspirations and does not look upon them as antinational. Besides, democratic politics allows parties and groups to address the people on the basis of their regional identity, aspiration and specific regional problems.
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i. Which type of diversity exists in India?
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iii. Mention any one movement that expresses regional aspiration.
iv. How does democracy treat the regional issues and problem?
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State any two differences between the First Five Year Plan and the Second Five Year Plan.
What was the main objective of the second five year plan?
Explain the main arguments in the debate that ensured between industrialisation and agricultural development at the time of Second five year plan.
The idea of planning in India was drawn from
(a) The Bombay plan
(b) Experiences of the Soviet bloc countries
(c) Gandhian vision of society
(d) Demand by peasant organisations
What was the major thrust of the First Five Year Plan? In which ways did the Second Plan differ from the first one ?
Complete the following chart.
| Five-year plan | Duration | Purposes |
| First | ______ | Agriculture, Social development |
| Second | 1956-1961 | Industrialisation |
| Third | _______ | Elimination of inequality, increasing the opportunities for employment, increase in national income |
| ________ | 1969-1974 | Scientific research, health and family planning |
| Fifth | _________ | ________ |
Which programmes were started in the 8th five-year plan?
The idea of Five Year Plan was adopted in India from ______.
Read the following passage carefully and answer accordingly.
The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industries. It was drafted by a team of economists and planners under the leadership of P.C. Mahalanobis.
If the first plan had preached patience, the second wanted to bring about quick structural transformation by making changes simultaneously in all possible directions.
Before this plan was finalized, the Congress party at its session held at Avadi near the then Madras city, passed an important resolution. It declared that ‘Socialist pattern of society’ was its goal.
This was reflected in the Second Plan. The government imposed substantial tariffs on imports in order to protect domestic industries. Such a protected environment helped both public and private sector industries to grow.
As savings and investment were growing in this period, a bulk of these industries like electricity, railways, steel, machinery and communication could be developed in the public sector. Indeed, such a push for industrialisation marked a turning point in India’s development.
Who drafted the Second Five Year Plan?
Read the following passage carefully and answer accordingly.
The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industries. It was drafted by a team of economists and planners under the leadership of P.C. Mahalanobis.
If the first plan had preached patience, the second wanted to bring about quick structural transformation by making changes simultaneously in all possible directions.
Before this plan was finalized, the Congress party at its session held at Avadi near the then Madras city, passed an important resolution. It declared that ‘Socialist pattern of society’ was its goal.
This was reflected in the Second Plan. The government imposed substantial tariffs on imports in order to protect domestic industries. Such a protected environment helped both public and private sector industries to grow.
As savings and investment were growing in this period, a bulk of these industries like electricity, railways, steel, machinery and communication could be developed in the public sector. Indeed, such a push for industrialisation marked a turning point in India’s development.
What was anticipated from Second Five Year Plan?
Read the following passage carefully and answer accordingly.
The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industries. It was drafted by a team of economists and planners under the leadership of P.C. Mahalanobis.
If the first plan had preached patience, the second wanted to bring about quick structural transformation by making changes simultaneously in all possible directions.
Before this plan was finalized, the Congress party at its session held at Avadi near the then Madras city, passed an important resolution. It declared that ‘Socialist pattern of society’ was its goal.
This was reflected in the Second Plan. The government imposed substantial tariffs on imports in order to protect domestic industries. Such a protected environment helped both public and private sector industries to grow.
As savings and investment were growing in this period, a bulk of these industries like electricity, railways, steel, machinery and communication could be developed in the public sector. Indeed, such a push for industrialisation marked a turning point in India’s development.
What goal was declared by the Congress Party at the session held at Avadi?
