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Question
The correct order of intensity of colors of the compounds is ______.
Options
[Ni(CN)4]2- > [NiCl4]2- > [Ni(H2O)6]2+
[NiCl4]2- > [Ni(CN)4]2- > [Ni(H2O)6]2+
[NiCl4]2- > [Ni(H2O)6]2+ > [Ni(CN)4]2-
[Ni(H2O)6]2+ > [NiCl4]2- > [Ni(CN)4]2-
Solution
The correct order of intensity of colors of the compounds is [NiCl4]2- > [Ni(H2O)6]2+ > [Ni(CN)4]2-.
Explanation:
According to crystal field theory (CFT), the presence of ligands causes orbital degeneracy in transition metal complexes to shatter. It also describes how the energy of the system is affected by the strength of the metal-ligand connections. The hue is influenced by the system's energy. Hans Bethe and John Hasbrouck van Vleck created this theory.
The increase in energy brought on by orbitals being filled preferentially is referred to as the splitting energy. In most cases, the splitting energy value is less than or equal to 0. Tetrahedral complexes have a lower splitting energy than octahedral complexes, which in turn have a lower splitting energy than square planar complexes.
Splitting energy order - Δt < Δ0 < Δsq
The geometry of [NiCl4]2- is tetrahedral and that of [Ni(H2O)6]2+ is octahedral. The geometry of [Ni(CN)4]2- is square planar.
Transition metal complexes absorb energy within the visible light spectrum, they can appear in a wide range of hues.
The absorption energy order of the given complexes is:
[NiCl4]2- > [Ni(H2O)6]2+ > [Ni(CN)4]2-
