Question

What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly?

Answer 1

Birds have adapted to aerial mode of life through the following modifications:

1. The body is sleek and has a spindle form to reduce wind resistance.
2. Feathers cover the entire body. It lessens friction, stops heat loss, and aids in temperature stability.
3. Wings are added to the forelimbs to aid with flight.
4. The muscles used for flight are well developed.
5. The majority of bones are hollow, pneumatic, and filled with air, which helps the body fly by making it lighter.
6. Birds have a warm heart. Their body temperature stays between 40°C and 46°C. Flight requires this.
7. The heart is four-chambered and functions efficiently with double circulation.
8. There are air sacs that serve as an air reservoir and aid in controlling temperature.
9. There is only one ovary and no urinary bladder (except for Rhea), which helps with weight loss, which is crucial for flying.