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Question
What is a homologous series?
Solution
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds having a similar structure and similar chemical properties in which the successive compounds differ by a \[\ce{CH2}\] group.
Example:
\[\ce{HCOOH}\] Methanoic acid
\[\ce{CH3COOH}\] Ethanoic acid
\[\ce{CH3CH2COOH}\] Propanoic acid
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RELATED QUESTIONS
What is a homologous series?
State any four characteristics of a homologous series
What is meant by homologous series of carbon compounds?
Write the name and formula of the 2nd member of homologous series having general formula CnH2n + 2.
Copy and complete the following table which relates to three homologus series of hydrocarbons:
| General formula | CnH2n | CnH2n-2 | CnH2n+2 |
| IUPAC name of the homologus series | |||
| Characteristic bond type | Single bonds | ||
| IUPAC name of the first member of the series | |||
| Type of reaction with chlorine | Addition |
The phenomenon in which compounds having different structural formulae have the same molecular formula is called _______.
Complete the following table for homologous series of alcohols.
| Name | Molecular formula | Condensed structural formula | Number of carbon atom | Number of -CH2- units | Boiling point °C |
| Methanol | CH4O | CH3-OH | 1 | 1 | 63 |
| Ethanol | C2H6O | CH3–CH2-OH | 2 | 2 | 78 |
| Propanol | C3H8O | CH3–CH2–CH2-OH | ______ | ______ | 97 |
| Butanol | C4H10O | CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–OH | ______ | ______ | 118 |
Which of the following does not belong to the same homologous series?
Consider the carbon compounds having following molecular formula:
(i) C3H6 (ii) C3H8 (iii) C4H6 (iv) C6H6 (v) C6H12
- State the number of double covalent bonds present in C3H8.
- Write the formula of first member of the homologous series to which the carbon compound C4H6 belongs.
- Which one of the above compounds forms a ring structure of carbon atoms?
- Identify, which of the above compounds, is a member of alkane series.
Name the third homologue of alcohols.
