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Question
What were the factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi’s Government in the early 1970s?
Solution
Because:
- Socialist credentials became main projects during this period.
- Indira Gandhi campaigned to implement land reform legislations and land ceiling legislations.
- She ended her dependence on other political parties by strengthening her party’s position and recommended the dissolution of Lok Sabha in December’ 1970.
- The crisis in East Pakistan and Indo- Pak war to establish Bangladesh as an independent one, also enhanced the popularity of Indira Gandhi.
- Indira Gandhi’s government was not accepted only as a protector of the poor and underprivileged but as a strong government also.
- Congress became popular among different social sections and restored dominance again.
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Read the passage and answer the questions below :-
“… Indira Gandhi changed the Congress into highly centralised and undemocratic party organisation, from the earlier federal, democratic and ideological formation that Nehru had led. … But this … could not have happened had not Indira Gandhi changed the entire nature of politics. This new, populist politics turned political ideology … into a mere electoral discourse, use of various slogans not meant to be translated into government policies…. During its great electoral victories in early 1970s, amidst the celebration, the Congress party as a political organisation died........... —Sudipta Kaviraj
(a) What according to the author is the difference between the strategies of Nehru and Indira Gandhi?
(b) Why does the author say that the Congress party ‘died’ in the seventies?
(c) In what way, did the change in the Congress party affect other political parties also?
The fifth general election to Lok Sabha was held in ______
In the 1971 General Election, the opposition parties formed an alliance against congress. Identify the alliance.
Describe any four steps taken by Indira Gandhi to remove poverty.
