Question

What were the movement led by Gandhi towards the struggle for freedom?

Answer 1

Gandhi’s Principles were based on Truth and Non-violence.

1. He organized the movements adopting the technique of Satyagraha.
2. A true Satyagraha will have strong determination and won’t give up his protest in Ahimsa way and ready to sacrifice his life.
3. Three important movements were led by Gandhiji.
4. Non-cooperation movement
5. Civil Disobedience movement
6. Quit India Movement

Non-Cooperation Movement:-
The resolution was passed in the Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress on September 1920.

No-tax campaign and boycott of foreign goods and institutions were effective.

1. At Bardoli in 1922, Gandhi announced the no-tax campaign. He made a nationwide tour.
2. Thousands joined the movement left their Government jobs. Trade unions and workers actively participated.
3. Peasants enhanced Gandhi as a national leader.
4. A mass procession was conducted by the peasants at Chauri chaura a village near Gorakhpur (Uttarpradesh) provoked by the police turned into violence, burnt police station killing 22 policemen.
5. Gandhi was upset and suspended the non-cooperation movement and abstain himself from the activities of congress for two years.

Civil Disobedience Movement:-

Poorna Swaraj was declared by Nehru at the Lahore session of Congress in 1930.

1. 26^th January 1930 was declared as Independence day and the pledge was taken to attain Poorna Swaraj Non-violently through Civil Disobedience Movement.
2. The Indian National Congress authorized Gandhi to launch the movement.
3. A charter of demands presented to the viceroy Lord Irwin comply by 31 January 1930, One of the demands was the Abolition of Salt tax.
4. The viceroy did not respond to the demands Gandhi launched the "Civil Disobedience Movement".
5. The inclusion of the abolition of the salt tax was an tactful brilliant decision.
6. Tax on salt-affected every section of the society.
7. With 78 of his followers, Gandhi left Sabarmati Ashram on 12th March 1930 to Dandi a coastal town to defy salt law.
8. Hundreds of people joined the procession.
9. At the age of 61, Gandhi covered a distance of 241 miles by foot to reach Dandi in 24 days.
10. Reached Dandi on 5th April 1930 at sunset.
11. Gandhi took a handful of salt from the coast thus breaking the salt law.
12. This March was famously known as Dandi March. Gandhi was arrested.

Quit India Movement:-

1. The all India congress committee met at Bombay on 8th April 1942 passed the famous ‘Quit India Resolution’
2. The main reason regarding the transfer of power to Indians failure of Cripps mission war* time shortages, price rise,

Gandhi gave a call “Do (or) Die”.

Gandhi said ‘‘We shall either free India or die in the cause attempt: We shall not live to see the perpetuation of our slavery?’.

“Gandhi and other congress leaders were arrested”.