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Why are vaccines made by biotechnology preferred? - Science and Technology 2

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Question

Why are vaccines made by biotechnology preferred?

Answer in Brief

Solution

  1. Vaccines produced by biotechnology are comparatively safer than using completely or partially killed pathogens as vaccines.
  2. These vaccines are more thermo-stable.
  3. Vaccines produced by biotechnology remain active for longer periods in the body.
  4. Edible vaccines are being produced using biotechnology. e.g. Transgenic potatoes provide immunity against cholera and diseases caused by Escherichia coli.
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Chapter 8: Cell Biology and Biotechnology - Answer the following questions

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SCERT Maharashtra Science and Technology 2 [English] 10 Standard SSC
Chapter 8 Cell Biology and Biotechnology
Answer the following questions | Q 21

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Vaccination gives either permanent or temporary immunity against a specific pathogen or disease. Traditionally, vaccines were prepared with the help of pathogens. Completely or partially killed pathogens were used as vaccines. However, due to this, there were chances of contracting the disease in case of some persons. Hence, as an alternative, scientists tried to artificially produce vaccines with the help of biotechnology. For this purpose, scientists produced the antigen in the laboratory with the help of genes isolated from the pathogen and used it as a vaccine. Thus, safer vaccines are being produced. Work on production of edible vaccines is in progress and presently, potatoes are being produced with the help of biotechnology. These potatoes are called transgenic potatoes. These potatoes will act against bacteria like Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli. Consumption of these raw potatoes generates immunity against pathogens. For the production of such edible vaccines, antigens are produced by isolating the desired gene from human pathogens and injecting it into plants.

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