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Question
Why sodium hydroxide is much more water soluble than sodium chloride?
Solution
\[\ce{NaOH + H2O ⇌ Na^+ + OH^-}\]
- This reaction is an exothermic reaction. Sodium hydroxide being a strong base, completely dissociated in the aqueous medium. The heat evolved increases the stability. This phenomenon is strong enough to prove that sodium hydroxide crystals are readily dissolved in water.
- NaCl is geologically stable. If kept dry, it will remain a free-flowing solid for years. Water can dissolve NaCl because the Na+ ions are attracted by OH– in water and Cl– ions are attracted by H+ in water. The solubility of NaCl does not increase the temperature. Based on this, NaOH is much more soluble due to its exothermic nature than sodium chloride.
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