Question

Write a note on Social Reformers of Tamil Nadu in the 19th century.

Answer 1

Ramalinga Swamigal: Ramalinga Adigal was popularly known as Vallalar. He showed his compassion and mercy on all living beings including plants. This he called as Jeevakarunya. He established Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam in 1865. He also established a free feeding house for everyone irrespective of caste at Vadalur in 1867. He wrote many songs that were compiled in the name of Thiruvarutpa.

Vaikunda Swamigal: His original name was Mudichudum Perumal which changed to Muthukutty because of the objection by the upper class. He calls himself Vaikuntar. He preached the idea of equality and condemned the ’ worship of idols. He was against animal sacrifice in the name of religion. He was against caste differences and wanted social integration of society.

Iyothee Thassaar: Iyothee Thassar was a scholar, writer, Siddha medicine practitioner, and also journalist, and political activist. He campaigned for social justice and worked for building up a casteless society and the removal of untouchability. He established several schools for untouchables in Tamil Nadu. He published a weekly ‘Oru Paisa Tamilan’ in 1907 and it lasted till 1914. He worked also for the revival of Buddhism.