Question

Write a short note on Structure of stomatal apparatus.

Answer 1

1. Stomata are tiny holes found mostly on the epidermal surfaces of immature stems and leaves.
2. It is made up of two guard cells and accessory cells that work together to generate the opening stomatal pore for transpiration.
3. Guard cells in dicot plants are kidney-shaped, while in monocot plants they are dumbbell-shaped.
4. Guard cells have a wall that is unevenly thickened. The inner wall is thick and inelastic, but the outer wall is thin and elastic.
5. Guard cells are nucleated cells with a small number of chloroplasts that can undergo photosynthesis.
6. Accessory cells, also known as Subsidiary cells, are specialised cells that surround the guard cells and serve as K⁺ ion reservoirs.