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Economics Official 2024-2025 HSC Commerce (English Medium) 12th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution

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Economics [Official]
Marks: 80 Maharashtra State Board
HSC Commerce (English Medium)
HSC Science (General)
HSC Arts (English Medium)
HSC Science (Electronics)
HSC Science (Computer Science)
HSC Commerce: Marketing and Salesmanship

Academic Year: 2024-2025
Date & Time: 1st March 2025, 3:00 pm
Duration: 3h
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Notes:

  1. All questions are compulsory.
  2. Draw neat tables/diagrams wherever necessary.
  3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
  4. Write answers to all main questions on new pages.

[20]1
[5]1.A
[1]1.A.i

Give an economic term:

A desire which is backed by willingness to purchase and ability to pay.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.031] Demand Analysis
[1]1.A.ii

Give an economic term:

Deposits that are withdrawable on demand.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.09] Money Market and Capital Market in India
[1]1.A.iii

Give an economic term:

Wear and tear of capital assets due to their use in the process of production.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.07] National Income
[1]1.A.iv

Give an economic term: 

Elasticity resulting from a proportionate change in quantity demanded due to a proportionate change in price.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.032] Elasticity of Demand [1.03] Analysis of Demand and Elasticity of Demand
[1]1.A.v

Give an economic term:

The difference between the value of a country's exports and imports for a given period.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[5]1.B
[1]1.B.i

Complete the correlation:

Internal Trade : Home Trade :: International Trade : ______

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.B.ii

Complete the Correlation:

Single price : Perfect competition :: Discriminated prices : ______

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.05] Forms of Market
[1]1.B.iii

Complete the correlation:

______ : Central bank :: SBI : Commercial Bank

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.09] Money Market and Capital Market in India
[1]1.B.iv

Complete the correlation:

Output method : __________ :: Income method : Factor cost method

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.07] National Income
[1]1.B.v

Complete the correlation:

The period of Inflation : Surplus Budget :: The Period of Depression : ______

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[5]1.C
[1]1.C.i

Find the odd word:

Durable Goods:

Furniture

Cupboard

Washing Machine

Fish

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.C.ii

Find the odd word:

Cost concepts:

Total cost

Average cost

Marginal cost

Selling cost

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.C.iii

Find the odd word out:

Legal monopoly:

Patent

OPEC

Copyright

Trademark

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.05] Forms of Market
[1]1.C.iv

Find the odd word:

Theory of Economic Welfare:

Theory of Income and Employment

Efficiency in production

Efficiency in Consumption

Overall Economic Efficiency

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.C.v

Find the odd word:

Exceptions to the Law of Demand:

Giffen’s paradox

Prestige goods

Price illusion

Supply of labour

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[5]1.D | Complete the following statements:
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[1]1.D.i

The terms of Micro Economics and Macro Economics were coined by Norwegian Economist ______.

Adam Smith

J.M. Keynes

J.B. Say

Ragnar Frisch

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.D.ii

When the supply curve is upward-sloping, its slope is ______.

Positive

Negative

First positive then negative

Zero

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.04] Supply Analysis
[1]1.D.iii

The Price Index number is used ______.

to measure the general changes in the prices of goods.

as a geographical tool.

to measure the air pressure.

in measurement of goods.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.D.iv

Development financial institutions were established to ______.

provide short term funds.

develop industry, agriculture and other key sectors.

regulate the money market.

regulate the capital market.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.09] Money Market and Capital Market in India
[1]1.D.v

Obligatory functions of the government are ______.

Provision of education and health services.

Provision of pensions.

Maintaining internal law and order.

Provision of welfare measures.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[12]2
[6]2.A | Identify and explain the following concepts (Any THREE):
[2]2.A.i

Identify and explain the following concept:

Abhijeet sold 15 chairs for ₹ 3000, for each chair he earned ₹ 200.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]2.A.ii

Identify and explain the following concept:

Rajaram produced 25 quintals of wheat in his field; from it, he kept aside 2 quintals of wheat for his own family use.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]2.A.iii

Identify and explain the following concept:

Rani collected the data of India's National Income for the purpose of study.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]2.A.iv

Identify and explain the following concept:

Amar demanded milk, sugar and tea powder jointly to satisfy his want of the tea.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]2.A.v

Identify and explain the following concept:

Sunita madam satisfied her want to write on the blackboard by using chalk.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[6]2.B | Distinguish between (Any THREE):
[2]2.B.i

Distinguish between the following.

Micro Economics and Macro Economics.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [2.01] Introduction to Macro Economics
[2]2.B.ii

Distinguish between perfectly elastic demand and perfectly inelastic demand.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.032] Elasticity of Demand
[2]2.B.iii

Distinguish between quantity index number and value index number.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]2.B.iv

Distinguish between internal debt and external debt.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.08] Public Finance in India
[2]2.B.v

Distinguish between expansion of supply and increase in supply.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[12]3 |  Answer the following (Any THREE):
[4]3.A

Explain the features of microeconomics.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.01] Introduction to Micro and Macro Economics [1.01] Introduction to Micro Economics
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[4]3.B

Explain the functions of a commercial bank.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [2.05] Commercial Bank
[4]3.C

Explain the classification of market on the basis of time.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]3.D

Calculate the price index number from the given data:

Commodity A B C D
Price in 2005 (₹) 6 16 24 4
Price in 2010 (₹) 8 18 28 6
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.06] Index Numbers
[4]3.E

Explain the role of foreign trade.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[12]4 |  State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements (Any THREE):
[4]4.A

State with reasons whether you ‘agree’ or ‘disagree’ with the following statement.

Demand curve slopes downward from left to right.

Agree

Disagree

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.031] Demand Analysis [1.03] Analysis of Demand and Elasticity of Demand
[4]4.B

State with reason whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:

Index numbers are free from limitations.

Agree

Disagree

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.06] Index Numbers
[4]4.C

State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:

Elasticity of demand depends upon several factors.

Agree

Disagree

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]4.D

State with reason whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:

There are some exceptions to the law of supply.

Agree

Disagree

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]4.E

State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statement.

The capital market plays an important role in India.

Agree

Disagree

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.09] Money Market and Capital Market in India
[8]5 | Study the following table, figure, passage and answer the questions given below it (Any TWO):
[4]5.A

Observe the given table and answer the questions:

Quantity demanded
Price
Per Kg in ₹
Consumer
A
Consumer
Consumer
C
 Market Demand
(in Kg)
(A + B + C)
35 5 10 15 ______
30 10 15 20 ______
25 15 20 25 ______
20 20 25 30 ______
  1. Complete market demand schedule.
  2. Draw market demand curve based on above market demand schedule.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]5.B

Observe the following diagram of the non-linear demand curve and answer the questions given below.

  1. If EB = EA (Ed = 1) = ______ 
  2. If EB > EA (Ed > 1) = ______
  3. If EB < EA (Ed < 1) = ______
  4. The ‘x’ axis represents ______ of commodity and ‘y’ axis represents ______ of commodity.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]5.C

Study the following passage and answer the questions given below it:

          Regulated market is wholesale market where buying and selling are regulated and controlled by the state government through the market committee.

         Regulated markets aim at the elimination of unhealthy and unscrupulous practices regarding charges and providing facilities to producers and sellers in the market. The poor standards of primary and secondary markets in the agricultural market are cash transactions, short weights, excessive market charges, unauthorized deductions, and the absence of machinery to settle disputes between sellers and buyers. These defects and malpractices can be recovered by the establishment of a regulated market. According to the Bombay Agricultural Product Market Act-1939, this market is controlled. In this market, mainly the trade of cereals, fruits, tobacco, cotton, groundnut, coconut, betel nut, potatoes and turmeric, etc. is controlled.

  1. Which act regulates the market? (1)
  2. What are the poor standards in primary and secondary markets? (1)
  3. Give your opinion with reference to the above passage. (2)
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[16]6 | Answer the following questions in detail (Any TWO):
[8]6.A

State and explain the assumptions of the law of diminishing marginal utility.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.02] Utility Analysis
[8]6.B
[2]6.B.i

State the meaning of national income.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[6]6.B.ii

Explain any four features of national income.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.07] National Income
[8]6.C

Explain various reasons for the growth of public expenditure.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [0.08] Public Finance in India

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