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प्रश्न
Answer the following question briefly:
What is meant by gender stereotypes?
उत्तर
Gender stereotypes are over simplified ideas, messages and images about differences between males and females. It is based on the child’s personality, behavior, appearance, skills, and interests.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the following question briefly:
How is discrimination related to prejudice?
Discuss any three causes of prejudice. Also, suggest two ways of missing prejudice.
Briefly explain Realistic Conflict Theory in prejudice with an example.
Tarun's group has won the elections from his constituency. His opponents, Ramesh and his group, are weak and too small in number. Tarun often expresses frustration and negative attitude towards Ramesh's group. This is known as
______ is an example of negative attitude towards people.
______ is discrimination between seen or unseen.
Anna, the head girl of the school, gives more opportunities to the members of Red House than those of Blue or Green House. This is because she feels they are less capable. She even ignores the advice of her teachers to give equal opportunities to all the Houses. Which strategy will help in handling this prejudice?
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Explain the cognitive and behavioural components of the teachers’ attitude towards the ‘intellectual bloomers’ in the Rosenthal study
Though urban areas are inhabited by the privileged as well as the underprivileged, the interactions between these two groups are minimal and often prejudiced.
Which one of the following ways can be used to reduce this prejudice?
Soham, a dedicated stay-at-home father, is often ridiculed by his family and friends who believe caregiving responsibilities fall on the woman as the wife. Despite his commitment and capabilities in managing household, Soham constantly faces prejudice due to these biases against men as house husbands and stay-at-home-fathers while the wife goes to work. This attitude of family and friends saddens him.
- Explain any two causes for the prejudice Soham is facing. (2)
- Suggest any two strategies for Soham to overcome this prejudice. (2)
