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प्रश्न
Both temporary & permanent hardness in water can be removed by addition of washing soda. Give balanced equations for the same.
उत्तर
Using washing soda, removal of:
(i) Temporary hardness
\[\ce{\underset{\text{washinng soda}}{Na2CO3} +\underset{\text{temporary hardness}}{Ca(HCO3)2} -> CaCO3↓ + 2NaHCO3}\]
\[\ce{\underset{\text{washinng soda}}{Na2CO3} +\underset{\text{temporary hardness}}{ Mg(HCO3)2} -> MgCO3↓ + 2NaHCO3}\]
(i) Permanent hardness
\[\ce{\underset{\text{washing soda}}{Na2CO3} +\underset{\text{permanent hardness}}{CaSO4} ->Na2SO4 +\underset{\text{insoluable}}{CaCO3↓}}\]
\[\ce{\underset{\text{washing soda}}{Na2CO3} +\underset{\text{permanent hardness}}{MgCL2} -> \underset{\text{insoluable}}{MgCO3↓} + 2NaCl}\]
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Discuss the principle and method of softening of hard water by synthetic ion-exchange resins.
What do you understand by
Temporary hard water
What are the causes for:
Temporary hardness
Name the substance which makes water temporarily hard
Explain with equation, what is noticed when permanent hard water is treated with
Slaked time
How will you distinguish between temporary hard water and permanent hard water?
Using given sample of temporary and permanent hard water, soft water, ordinary soap, detergent and washing soda how would you distinguish between temporary hard water and permanent hard water?
Select the correct answer from the choice given in the options.
A substance which causes hardness in water _____.
Soap lathers well in hard water.
Match the following.
| Universal solvent | Water pollutant |
| Hard water | Kills germs |
| Boiling | Ozonisation |
| Sterilization | Water |
| Sewage | Stomach ailments |
Give a reason for the following.
Hard water is not good for washing utensils.
What are the causes of temporary hardness and permanent hardness of water?
Why does hard water not form lather with soap?
Which water is hard?
Which water is soft?
Take samples of water from different sources (like a tube well, a lake, a pond, or a river) and pour equal quantities of each sample of water into different test tubes. Measure the height of water in each test tube with a scale. Add one or two drops of liquid soap to each test tube. Shake each test tube five times and observe the height of the lather in each sample. Record your observations in the table. Which water is soft? Which water is hard? Can you say why?
1000 g aqueous solution of CaCO3 contains 10 g of calcium carbonate. Hardness of the solution is ______.
