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प्रश्न
Differentiate between voluntary and involuntary movements.
उत्तर
Differences between voluntary and involuntary movements:
| Voluntary movements | Involuntary movements |
| 1. Voluntary movements are according to our will. | 1. Involuntary movements are not according to our will. |
| 2. They are caused by the cerebrum but controlled by the cerebellum. | 2. They are caused by the medulla oblongata and some part of the midbrain. |
| 3. They are under the control of the central and peripheral nervous systems. | 3. They are under the control of the autonomic nervous system. |
| 4. Voluntary movements occur when needed and are under our control. | 4. Involuntary movements occur continuously and are not under our control. |
| Examples: Eating, walking, reading | 5. Examples: Breathing, heartbeat, digestion |
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| Column I | Column II | ||
| (i) | Auditory canal | (a) | Channels pressure waves of air into the middle ear. |
| (ii) | Auditory (Eustachian tube) | (b) | Collects pressure waves of air. |
| (iii) | Auditory nerve | (c) | Converts pressure waves of air into vibrations of bone. |
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| (viii) | Round window | (h) | Transfers vibrations from a bone to a membrane. |
| (ix) | Semi-circular canal | (i) | Transfers vibrations from a bone to a bone. |
| (x) | Stapes | (j) | Transfers vibrations from a membrane to a bone. |
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