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प्रश्न
Explain the release of energy in nuclear fission and fusion on the basis of binding energy per nucleon curve.
उत्तर
The binding energy of each nucleon and a portion of its mass are transformed and released as energy during the fusion process. When heavier nuclei split apart into lighter nuclei, energy is also released in the fission process. The desire of an atomic nucleus to become more stable is what drives fission and fusion. Thus, the most stable nuclei will have a mass number of about 60, which explains why iron is the most stable element in the universe.
- The fusion of lighter-than-iron elements could release energy to create nuclei with higher binding energy (per nucleon).
- The energy released during the fission of elements heavier than iron may lead to the creation of nuclei with higher binding energies (per nucleon).
Particularly when merging tiny nuclei like hydrogen and helium into larger nuclei, nuclear fusion produces more energy than nuclear fission.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Write symbolically the nuclear β+ decay process of `""_6^11C` Is the decayed product X an isotope or isobar of (`""_6^11C`)? Given the mass values m (`""_6^11C`) = 11.011434 u and m (X) = 11.009305 u. Estimate the Q-value in this process.
Which property of nuclear force explains the constancy of binding energy per nucleon `((BE)/A)` for nuclei in the range 20< A < 170 ?
Answer the following question.
Draw the curve showing the variation of binding energy per nucleon with the mass number of nuclei. Using it explains the fusion of nuclei lying on the ascending part and fission of nuclei lying on the descending part of this curve.
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In a periodic table the average atomic mass of magnesium is given as 24.312 u. The average value is based on their relative natural abundance on earth. The three isotopes and their masses are\[\ce{_12^24Mg}\](23.98504 u), \[\ce{_12^25Mg}\] (24.98584 u), and \[\ce{_12^26Mg}\] (25.98259 u). The natural abundance of \[\ce{_12^24Mg}\] is 78.99% by mass. Calculate the abundances of other two isotopes.
Mx and My denote the atomic masses of the parent and the daughter nuclei respectively in a radioactive decay. The Q-value for a β– decay is Q1 and that for a β+ decay is Q2. If m e denotes the mass of an electron, then which of the following statements is correct?
He23 and He13 nuclei have the same mass number. Do they have the same binding energy?
The deuteron is bound by nuclear forces just as H-atom is made up of p and e bound by electrostatic forces. If we consider the force between neutron and proton in deuteron as given in the form of a Coulomb potential but with an effective charge e′: F = `1/(4πε_0) e^('2)/r` estimate the value of (e’/e) given that the binding energy of a deuteron is 2.2 MeV.
Define binding energy per nucleon.
What is binding energy of nucleus?
