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प्रश्न
Explain the three pathways of breakdown in living organisms.
उत्तर
Glucose three pathways - Glucose is first broken down to 3 carbon molecules called pyruvate. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of all organisms. Pyruvate is further broken down by the following steps -
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In yeast :- Pyruvate is broken down in the absence of oxygen and the process is called anaerobic respiration. In yeasts, pyruvate is broken down to produce CO2 and ethanol.
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In Muscle Cells :- During rigorous physical activity, the energy demand of our muscle cells increases rapidly. This is compensated by anaerobic respiration in muscle cells. In muscle cells, pyruvate is broken down into lactic acid.
- In Mitochondria :- In case of aerobic respiration (in presence of oxygen) pyruvate is broken down in mitochondria. Here Pyruvate is broken down to produce H2O and CO2. Aerobic respiration is most common in most organisms.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximize the area for exchange of gases?
List the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Given below is a square of letters in which are hidden different words related to respiration in organisms. These words may be present in any direction − upwards, downwards, or along the diagonals. Find the words for your respiratory system. Clues about those words are given below the square.
- The air tubes of insects
- Skeletal structures surrounding chest cavity
- Muscular floor of chest cavity
- Tiny pores on the surface of leaf
- Small openings on the sides of the body of an insect
- The respiratory organs of human beings
- The openings through which we inhale
- An anaerobic organism
- An organism with tracheal system
Name an animal which depends on simple diffusion of gases for breathing.
Describe the process of respiration in the following part of a plant:
Leaves
What type of repiration takes place in yeast?
There are five animals P, Q, R, S and T. The animal P always lives in water and has gills for breathing. The animal Q can stay in water as well as on land and can breathe both, through moist skin and lungs. The animal R lives in soil and breathes only through its skin. The animal S lives on land and breathes through spiracles and tracheae. And animal T lives in water and breathes through its cell membrane.
(a) Which of the animals could be Amoeba?
(b) Which of the animals could be frog?
(c) Which animal could be fish?
(d) Which animal could be grasshopper?
(e) Which animal could be earthworm?
With which human organ system (or human systems) is alveoli associated?
An animal in which the oxygenation of blood does not take place in the lungs is:
Given below is an example of a certain structure and its special functional activity:
"Kidney and excretion".
Fill in the blanks on a similar pattern.
Pleura and _____________.
Given below is an example of certain structure and its special functional activity:
"Kidney and excretion".
Fill in the blanks on a similar pattern.
'C' shaped cartilage rings and ____________.
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Diaphragm
Differentiate between the following pairs on the basis of the aspect given in the brackets.
Tidal volume and Residual volume (Quantity of air)
List the organs of Human respiratory system.
Answer the following question.
In the experimental set up to show that "CO2 is given out during respiration", name the substance taken in the small test tube kept in the conical flask. State its function and the consequence of its use.
Draw a diagram of the human respiratory system and label - pharynx, trachea, lungs, diaphragm and alveolar sac on it.
______ refers to the physical process by which gaseous exchange takes place between the atmosphere and the lungs.
What is common between extensive network of blood vessels around walls of alveoli and in glomerulus of nephron?
Yeast is used in wine and beer industries because it respires
Visit a doctor. Find out about artificial respiration. Ask the doctor:
- When does a person need artificial respiration?
- Does the person need to be kept on artificial respiration temporarily or permanently?
- From where can the person get supply of oxygen for artificial respiration?
