Question

How is a vaccine produced?

Answer 1

1. Microbes were injected into horses and monkeys for immunizations. Laboratory animals create antibodies to fight these microorganisms. Proteins called antibodies battle disease-causing germs. The animals' blood antibodies were used for immunizations.
2. Biotechnology allows laboratories to make vaccines with bacteria. For this, the disease-causing bacterium is being thoroughly investigated. Genes and DNA of such microorganisms are examined. Labs synthesise proteins that fight such germs using this information. Safe vaccinations safeguard the body from sickness.
3. Germ extracts are used in some vaccines. These bacteria are inactive. When injected, they start the defence. Vaccinated people have antibodies. When this person is exposed to identical bacteria later, the defence mechanism comes in quickly and prevents illness.