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प्रश्न
Read the paragraph given below and answer and questions that follow:
| Enzyme Taq polymerase, is extracted from a eubacterial microorganism Thermus aquaticus from Yellowstone National Park in Montana, USA and isolated by Chien et al. (1976). Taq polymerase successfully replaced the DNA polymerase from E.coli that was being used in PCR earlier and this shift revolutionised the PCR technique. |
- Taq polymerase after its discovery replaced E.coli DNA polymerase in PCR technique. Explain giving reasons why was the need felt for the change?
- What is a primer and its importance in PCR?
- Write the importance of PCR as a diagnostic tool.
उत्तर
- Taq polymerase was found to be an enzyme that could survive the protein-denaturing temperatures needed for PCR. Thus, it took the place of the DNA polymerase from E. coli that was initially utilised in PCR.
- Primers are required for the polymerase chain reaction because they kick off the DNA polymerase enzyme's activity.
- Because they may frequently make diagnoses before signs of infection appear, PCR tests play a critical role in limiting the spread of infections. They are an accurate and reliable tool for diagnosing many infectious diseases.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Besides better aeration and mixing properties, what other advantages do stirred tank bioreactors have over shake flasks?
Describe briefly the following:
Bioreactors
Explain briefly:
PCR
In addition to the Taq polymerase enzyme, which other thermostable DNA polymerases have been isolated to be used in PCR?
Rising of dough is due to ______.
An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of ______.
While doing a PCR, ‘denaturation’ step is missed. What will be its effect on the process?
Illustrate the design of a bioreactor. Highlight the difference between a flask in your laboratory and a bioreactor which allows cells to grow in a continuous culture system.
Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:
| Biotechnology revolves around the "gene of interest", with an objective to open various avenues for human welfare in health, medicine, pharma, agriculture etc. using different techniques, tools and processes. One of the breakthroughs of biotechnology in medicine is the gene therapy. |
- Name the human disease for which the gene therapy was used for the first time.
- Explain the steps of gene therapy carried to cure the disease using the lymphocytes of the patient. Why is this therapy not a permanent cure of the disease?
- Write the possible permanent cure of the disease by the gene therapy that is in progress.
Assertion (A): Synthetic oligonucleotide polymers are used during Annealing in a PCR.
Reason (R): The primers bind to the double stranded DNA at their complementary regions.
