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प्रश्न
State Darwin’s theory of evolution.
उत्तर
- Darwin’s theory of evolution is better known as theory of natural selection.
- Darwin opined that only the fittest can survive. Those plant and animals which are not fit for survival,die.
- The fitter species reproduce in greater numbers and pass on their genes to the next generations. This process of selection of characteristics which contribute to the fitness for survival was termed as natural selection.
- Darwin’s theory of naturals selection emphasises on the fact that there is always overproduction of individuals in nature. This causes a struggle for existence. Only those organisms that have characters useful for survival are selected and hence they survive. While some organisms that do not have favourable characters, perish. This process takes place for many generations.
- As a result the species which are better adapted for survive are selected. The individuals belonging to this species may be different from the originals ones. But if this changed species shows successful adaption and growth in the given environment then it gets evolved.
- The process of natural selection is not deliberate but is gradual and natural. This process further leads to the development of species.
- Darwin’s theory is widely accepted but it has one drawback. It did not explain how the favourable characters were developed in the fit individuals.
- Darwin’s theory is now universally accepted.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Objection to Darwin's theory of natural selection.
How do the observations made during moth collection in pre- and post- industrialized era in England support evolution by Natural Selection?
Name and define the three types of natural selection.
Give the scientific name of the organism which is cited as the classical example of "natural selection".
Briefly discuss the Theory of Natural Selection as given by Darwin.
Industrial melanism provides a good example of natural selection. Discuss.
Given alongside are two figures (A and B) showing a phenomenon that was first observed in Manchester before and after the year 1850.
Answer the following:
- What name has been given to this phenomenon?
- Give the common name and the scientific name of the insect involved in this phenomenon.
- Briefly mention why the changes shown in the two figures appeared.
- The following phenomenon provides a classical explanation of a scientific theory given by a certain scientist.
- Name and explain the said theory.
- Give the name of the scientist who gave this theory.
Explain the evolution of the long neck of giraffe according to Charles Darwin.
Answer the following question.
How did Charles Darwin express 'fitness'?
In which book Darwin had published his theory of Natural selection?
Natural selection is a driving force for evolution-How?
Differences between organisms in a species are described as variations. Which of the following would you describe as a continuous variation?
The more characteristics two species have in common ______
Which concept was not included in Charles Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection?
Wild cabbage has evolved into new varieties like cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower by ______
Which one of the following statement is correct?
Nature has a way of causing organisms that inherit advantageous traits to survive and reproduce more successfully than the ones that do not. This process is known as ______.
Mention Darwin's observations made on finches during his visit of Galapagos Islands. Write the explanation given by Darwin on his observations.
The scientist who is regarded as the "Father of Evolution" is ______.
