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प्रश्न
Trace the evolution of economic planning in India.
उत्तर
The evolution of planning in India is stated below:
(1) Sir M. Vishveshwarya (1934):
- A prominent engineer and politician made his first attempt in laying the foundation for economic planning in India in 1934 through his book, “Planned Economy of India”. It was a 10-year plan.
(2) Jawaharlal Nehru (1938):
- Set–up “National Planning Commission” by a committee but due to the changes in the political era and Second World War, it did not materialize.
(3) Bombay Plan (1940):
- The 8 leading industrialists of Bombay presented the “Bombay Plan”. It was a 15 Year Investment Plan.
(4) S.N Agarwal (1944):
- Gave the “Gandhian Plan” focusing on the agricultural and rural economy.
(5) M.N. Roy (1945):
- Drafted ‘People’s Plan”. It was aiming at the mechanization of agricultural production and distribution by the state only.
(6) J.P. Narayan (1950):
- Advocated, “Sarvodaya Plan” which was inspired by Gandhian Plan and with the idea of Vinoba Bhave. It gave importance not only to agriculture but encouraged small and cottage industries in the plan.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the following question:
In 2015, Naveen left his luxurious life in Mumbai, where he worked as a manager for Blue Birds Ltd. He shifted to Begampur, Chhattisgarh to fulfill his grandmother's dream of converting their 25-acre ancestral land into a fertile farm. For this, he set out specific goals along with the activities to be performed to achieve the goals.
Every activity was a challenge since he was clueless about farming. He learned every activity from filling the land to sowing the seeds. To aid farmers he launched his own company 'Innovative Agriculture Solutions Pvt. Ltd.’
It was difficult initially as no one trusted an urban youth telling farmers about farming. But when everything was discussed in detail the farmers started taking an interest. He wanted to ensure that future events meet effectively the best interests of the company. Through sales forecasting, he prepared an annual plan for production and sales.
He also found that the farmers grew the only paddy, which was an activity of 3 - 4 months and land remained idle for the rest 8-9 months of the year. He not only identified but evaluated various alternatives through which the farms could be utilised for the remaining months of the year. Through correct foresight and logical and systematic thinking based on analysis of all facts, all alternative was examined and evaluated. He promoted a plan to the farmers, where after harvesting paddy, vegetables could be grown.
The above case highlights the features of one of the functions of management. By quoting lines from the above identify and explain these features.
Define 'planning premises'.
‘Bawa Cycles’ was in the business of manufacturing racing-cycles and had a monopoly in the market. The business was doing very well and the company was consistently meeting its objective of 10% increase in sales every year. Encouraged by the good track record, the Managing Director of the company kept an ambitious target of 15% increase in sales for the next year. The same year two competitors also entered the market and because of this, the company was not able to meet its target. Identify the limitation of one of the functions of management because of which the company was not able to achieve its target
Distinguish between method and procedure.
M.N. Roy was associated with ______.
Which of the following country adopts indicative planning?
Describe the case for planning.
Bring out the arguments against planning.
Rearrange the steps in the decision-making process logically.
A. Identification of a problem
B. Identification of decision criteria
C. Allocation of weights to criteria
D. Development of alternatives
E. Analysis of alternatives
F. Selection of an alternative
G. Implementation of the alternative
Which of the following is an assumption of rationality to rational decision-making?
Is a rule of thumb that managers use to simplify decision-making.
Which of the following is a benefit of planning?
All other managerial functions are performed within the framework of the plans drawn. Identify the related feature of planning.
Which of the following areas of our country are deficient in rainfall and are drought prone?
Planning is closely connected with ______ and ______.
Which of the following is not a benefit of planning?
'Planning is required in all organisations, at all levels and in all departments.'
______ feature of Planning is stated in the above statement?
Match the FEATURES of Planning in Column I with the appropriate EXPLANATION in Column II.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (1) | Mental exercise | (i) | Involves looking ahead and is regarded as a forward looking function. |
| (2) | Futuristic | (ii) | An intellectual activity of thinking rather than doing |
| (3) | Continuous | (iii) | Need for a new plan on the basis of new requirements and future conditions. |
Assertion (A): Planning is a primary function of management.
Reason (R): Planning is required at all levels of management as well as in all departments of the organisation.
Which of the following commission replaced 'Planning Commission'?
