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प्रश्न
What is saponification? Write the chemical equation of the reaction involved in this process. Name all the substances which take part in this process and also those which are formed.
उत्तर
Saponification is a process of preparing soap by the hydrolysis of fats or oils with alkalis.
When animal fat or vegetable oil (ester) is heated with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, soap and glycerol (alcohol) are formed.
Equation: Fat or oil (Ester) + Sodium Hydroxide → Soap + Glycerol (an alcohol)
The chemical equation is as follows:
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संबंधित प्रश्न
List two problems that arise due to the use of detergents instead of soaps.
A student takes about 4 ml of distilled water in four test tubes marked P, Q, R and S. He then dissolves in each test tube an equal amount of one salt in one test tube, namely sodium sulphate in P, potassium sulphate in Q, calcium sulphate in R and magnesium sulphate in S. After that he adds an equal amount of soap solution in each test tube. On shaking each of these test tubes well, he observes a good amount of lather (foam) in the test tube marked
(A) P and Q
(B) Q and R
(C) P, Q and S
(D) P, R and S
In a locality, hard water, required for an experiment, is not available. However, the following salts are available in the school laboratory:
1. Sodium sulphate
2. Calcium sulphate
3. Magnesium chloride
4. Sodium chloride
5. Calcium chloride
6. Potassium sulphate
Which of the above salts may be dissolved in water to obtain hard water for the experiment?
(A) 2, 3 and 5
(B) 1, 2 and 5
(C) 1, 2, 4 and 6
(D) 3 and 5 only
Why does micelle formation take place when soap is added to water? Will a micelle be formed in other solvents such as ethanol also?
Use of synthetic detergents causes pollution of water.
Describe the structure of a soap molecule with the help of a diagram.
What is the difference between soaps and detergents? State, in brief, the cleansing action of soaps in removing an oily spot from a fabric. Why are soaps not very effective when a fabric is washed in hard water? How is this problem resolved?
How will you check with the help of soap powder whether water is hard?
Explain why often coloured spots are formed on clothes during washing.
TFM in soaps represents ______ content in soap.
