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प्रश्न
Write short note on:
Paradox of value
उत्तर
Paradox of value refers to the difference between the value in use of a commodity and the value in exchange. This paradox states that a commodity that has a high use value may have a low exchange value intermsofprice . For instance, water, which has a high use value commands a low price in the market, i.e. it has a low exchange value. On the other hand, diamonds that have a low use value have high very high exchange value. Thus, there is a disparity between the use value and exchange value.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
............... consumption can not be zero.
(Induced / Autonomous / Government / Private)
Distinguish between marginal propensity to consume and average propensity to consume. Give a numerical example.
In an economy investment is increased by Rs. 300 crore. If marginal propensity to consume is 2/3, calculate increase in national income.
Define marginal propensity to consume
In an economy an increase in investment by Rs 100 crore led to ‘increase’ in national by Rs 1000 crore. Find marginal propensity to consume.
An economy is in equilibrium. Find marginal propensity to consume :
Autonomous consumption
Expenditure = 100
Investment expenditure = 100
National Income = 2,000
An economy is in equilibrium. From the following data about an economy calculate autonomous consumption.
1) Income = 500
2) Marginal propensity to save = 0.2
3) Investment expenditure = 800
Assuming that increase in investment is Rs1000 crore and marginal propensity to consume is 0.9, explain the working of the multiplier.
An economy is in equilibrium. From the following data about an economy, calculate investment expenditure:
1) Income = 10000
2) Marginal propensity to consume = 0.9
3) Autonomous consumption = 100
An economy is in equilibrium. Find Marginal Propensity to Consume from the following:
National income = 2000
Autonomous consumption = 400
Investment expenditure = 200
An economy is in equilibrium. Calculate the Investment Expenditure from the following
National Income = 800
Marginal propensity to save = 0.3
Autonomous Consumption = 100
An economy is in equilibrium. Calculate the Marginal Propensity to Save from the following:
National Income = 1000
Autonomous Consumption = 100
Investment = 120
An economy is in equilibrium. Calculate the National Income from the following :
Autonomous Consumption = 120
Marginal Propensity to Save = 0.2
Investment Expenditure = 150
Answer the following question :
Explain the development and non-development expenditures of government .
Define or explain the concept Average propensity to save .
Give reasons or explain the following statement:
Income which is not saved is consumption.
Choose the correct answer :
The income which is not spent on consumption is known as _________.
Match the following Group ‘A’ with Group ‘B’:
| Group ‘A’ | Group ‘B’ | ||
| (a) | Giffen’s goods | (1) | Uses of commodities |
| (b) | Essential commodities | (2) | Keynes |
| (c) | Consumption | (3) | Primary function of bank |
| (d) | Consumption function | (4) | Inferior goods |
| (e) | Accept deposits | (5) | Money lender |
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(6) | Inelastic demand | |
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(7) | Luxurious commodities |
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(8) | Dr. Marshall |
State whether the following statements are True or False with reasons:
Increase in consumption expenditure is less than increase in income.
Write answers in ‘one’ or ‘two’ paras each :
Explain the concept of saving function.
Define 'or' explain the following concept.
Propensity to save
Give reason or explain the following statement
Demand for necessary goods is inelastic.
Answer the following question.
What is meant by autonomous consumption? Explain with the help of a diagram.
Calculate the change in final income, if Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) is 0.8 and change in initial investment is ₹ 1,000 crores.
In a hypothetical economy, Mr. Neeraj has deposited ₹100 in the bank. If it is assumed that there is no other currency circulation in the economy, then the total money supply in the economy will be ____________.
The relation between APC and MPC in Keynes Psychological consumption function is ______.
APC + APS = ?
MPC = MPS = ?
Which or is true?
Which of the following is correct?
The value of MPC is ______
A consumer spending on the purchase of goods regardless of the income in possession is an example of _______ consumption.
Which of the following points are related to The sum of MPC and MPS is always equal to autonomous investments?
Why public goods must be provided by the government?
Identify the correct pair of from the following Columns I and II:
| Columns I | Columns II |
| 1. Total Product increases at an increasing rate and Marginal Product rises till it reaches its maximum point. | (a) Second Stage |
| 2. Total product increases at a decreasing rate and reaches maximum, and MP becomes zero. | (b) First Stage |
| 3. Total product also decreases and marginal product (MP) becomes negative. | (c) Third Stage |
| 4. Improvement in technique of production and discovery of fixed factor substitute can postpone the operation of law for some time. | (d) Fourth Stage |
The rate of increase in ______ due to a unit increment in income is called marginal propensity to consume.
If the value of Average Propensity to Save (APS) is 0.2 and National Income is ₹4,000 crores, then consumption will be ______
If MPS = 0, the value of multiplier will be ______
When we add up utility derived from consumption of all the units of the commodities, we get:
If the marginal propensity to consume is greater than marginal propensity to save, the value of the multiplier will be:
The marginal physical product of a factor must be ______ when the total physical product is falling.
Identify the correctly matched pair from Column A to column B:
| Column A | Column B |
| (1) MPC = 0 | (a) K > 1 |
| (2) MPC = 1 | (b) K = Infinity |
| (3) MPC < 1 | (c) K = 0 |
| (4) MPC > MPS | (d) K < 1 |
If in an economy, the value of investment multiplier is 4 and Autonomous Consumption is ₹ 30 Crore, the relevant consumption function would be :
If increase in National Income is equal to increase in consumption, identity the value of Marginal Propensity to Save:
Assertion (A): Saving curve makes a negative intercept on the vertical axis at zero level of income.
Reason (R): Saving function refers to the functional relationship between saving and income.
'Consumption function curve of an involuntary unemployed workers start from some positive level on Y-axis even at zero level of Income'. Justify the given statement.
What is meant by autonomous consumption expenditure? Show it on a diagram.
