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प्रश्न
Define the following term
Antibiotics
उत्तर
Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms which can kill or retard the growth of other disease causing microbes even in low concentration. Antibiotic means “against life”.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Sketch and label 'tubular tower fermenter'.
Find out the name of the microbes from which Cyclosporin A (an immunosuppressive drug) and Statins (blood cholesterol lowering agents) are obtained.
Erythromycin is obtained from ______.
State the medicinal value and the bioactive molecules produced by Trichoderma polysporum.
Name the microbes that help the production of the following product commercially:
Penicillin
What are A, B, C, and D in the table given below :
| Types of microbe | Name | Commercial product |
| Fungus | A | Penicillin |
| Bacterium | Acetobacter aceti |
B |
| C | Aspergillus niger | Citric acid |
| Yeast | D | Ethanol |
Define the following term
Zymology
When does antibiotic resistance develop?
Identify the organism used in the production of erythromycin.
Match Column I (Antibiotic) with Column II (Microbial Sources) and select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Chloromycetin | a. | Streptomyces erytreus |
| ii. | Erythromycin | b. | Streptomyces venezuelae |
| iii. | Bacitracin | c. | Streptomyces aureofaciens |
| iv. | Terramycin | d. | bacillus licheniformis |
How has the discovery of antibiotics helped mankind in the field of medicine?
Give any two microbes that are useful in biotechnology.
What is a broad spectrum antibiotic? Name one such antibiotic.
Match the antibiotics in column I with their microbial sources in column II:
| Column I | Column II |
| (a) Chloromycetin | (1) Streptomyces griseus |
| (b) Erythromycin | (2) Streptomyces aurifaciens |
| (c) Streptomycin | (3) Streptomyces venezuelae |
| (d) Terramycin | (4) Streptomyces erythreus |
Match the following products with their microbial sources:
| Products | Microbial Sources | ||
| (a) | Vitamin B2 | (1) | Rhizopus arrhizus |
| (b) | Fumaric acid | (2) | Candida lipolytica |
| (c) | Vitamin B12 | (3) | Trichoderma konigii |
| (d) | Lipase | (4) | Neurospora gossypii |
| (e) | Cellulase | (5) | Pseudomonas denitrificans |
| (f) | Citric Acid | (6) | Aspergillus niger |
State the most important contribution of the following microbes for human welfare:
Trichoderma Polysporum
Identify the enzyme ‘A’ in a given reaction.
\[\ce{Fumaric acid + H2O ->['A']Malate}\]
Which among the three is produced by the distillation of a fermented broth?
- Whisky
- Wines
- Beer
- Rum
- Brandy
Give the name of microbial source of antibiotic chloromycetin.
Mention the respective source and state the specific use of any two bioactive molecules.
