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प्रश्न
Describe the structure and functioning of nephrons.
उत्तर
Nephrons are the basic filtering units of kidneys. Each kidney possesses a large number of nephrons, approximately 1-1.5 million. The main components of the nephron are the glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tubule.
Functioning of a nephron:
- The blood enters the kidney through the renal artery, which branches into many capillaries associated with the glomerulus.
- The water and solute are transferred to the nephron at Bowman’s capsule.
- In the proximal tubule, some substances such as amino acids, glucose, and salts are selectively reabsorbed and unwanted molecules are added to the urine.
- The filtrate then moves down into the loop of Henle, where more water is absorbed.
- From here, the filtrate moves upwards into the distal tubule and finally to the collecting duct. The collecting duct collects urine from many nephrons.
- The urine formed in each kidney enters a long tube called the ureter. From the ureter, it gets transported to the urinary bladder and then into the urethra.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
State the exact location of the Loop of Henle.
Write the functions of Ureter
Write the functions of the Urinary bladder
Define excretion
Name the two waste products of the human body which are produced in the body cells.
With which human organ system (or human systems) is glomerulus associated?
Put a tick mark (✓) against the most appropriate alternative in the following statement :
In human beings, urea is produced in :
Write True (T) or False (F) for the following statement. Rewrite the false statement in the correct form.
Excess sugar in the blood is a symptom of diabetes.
Tick the most appropriate answer.
The process of removing waste from the body is called
Name the following:
The vein in which urea concentration is maximum
In summer the urine is slightly thicker than in winter explain the reason.
Define the following term :
Renal pelvis
Define the following term:
Osmoregulation
Look at the figure given bellow, it is a section of human kidney as seen from the front.
Is it a longitudinal section or a cross-section?
Correct and rewrite the statements by changing the biological term that is underlined for the statement:
The kidney is composed of number of neurons.
Choose the correct answer:
What happens if one kidney is removed from the body of human being?
Choose the odd one out in the following series:
Renal fat, renal capsule, nerve.
Name the following:
Functional unit of kidney.
Label the diagram given below :
Given below is a simple diagram of the human kidney cut open longitudinally. Answer the following questions:
c
(v) Write two differences in the composition of the blood flowing through blood vessels A and B.
Explain the Term: Glomerulus
Give Technical Term:
The organ which filters out urea and uric acid from the bloodstream.
Write the functional activity of the following structure: Henle’s loop
Choose the correct option.
In human beings, uric acid is formed due to metabolism of ______.
Complete the diagram/chart with correct labels/ information. Write the conceptual details regarding it.
The tadpole of frog lives in water, hence its mode of excretion is ______.
The product of the process of deamination is ______.
The CORRECT match is ______.
The process of diffusion of solvent particles from the region of less solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane is known as ____________.
Plants use completely different process for excretion as compared to animals. Which one of the following processes is NOT followed by plants for excretion?
The process of removal of unwanted metabolic wastes from the body is called ______.
Which of the following is not an example of secretion?
