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प्रश्न
Differentiate between ionic crystals and covalent crystals.
फरक स्पष्ट करा
उत्तर
| Sr. No. | Ionic crystal | Covalent crystal |
| 1. | The constituent particles of ionic crystals are charged ions. The cations and anions may differ in size. | The constituent particles in covalent network solids are atoms. |
| 2. | Each ion of a given sign of charge is bonded to ions of opposite charge around it by coulomb force. In other words, the particles of ionic crystals are held by an electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. | The atoms in these crystals are linked by a continuous system of covalent bonds. The result is a rigid, three-dimensional network that forms a giant molecule. The entire crystal is a single molecule. |
| 3. | Ionic crystals are hard and brittle. They have high melting points. | As a result of their rigid and strongly bonded structure, covalent network crystals are very hard. In fact, they are the hardest and most incompressible of all the materials. These crystals have high melting and boiling points. |
| 4. | These are nonconductors of electricity in solid state. However, they are good conductors when melted or dissolved in water. | The electrons are localised in covalent bonds and hence are not mobile. As a result, covalent solids are poor conductors of heat and electricity. |
| 5. | For example, NaCl, K2SO4, CaF2, KCI are ionic crystals. | For example, diamond, quartz (SiO2), boron nitride, and carborandum are covalent network solids. |
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