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प्रश्न
Discuss the concept of hybridisation. What are its different types in a carbon atom.
उत्तर
Different types of hybridization in a carbon atom are:
(a) sp hybridization: The carbon atoms forming triple bonds with each other determine sp hybridized carbon. \[\ce{(C = C)}\].
(b) sp3 hybridization: The carbon atoms forming double bonds with each other determine sp2 hybridized carbon. \[\ce{(C = C)}\].
(c) sp3 hybridization: The carbon atoms forming single bonds with each other determine sp3 hybridized carbon. \[\ce{(C = C)}\].
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Apart from tetrahedral geometry, another possible geometry for CH4 is square planar with the four H atoms at the corners of the square and the C atom at its centre. Explain why CH4 is not square planar?
Draw a diagram showing the formation of a double bond and a triple bond between carbon atoms in C2H4 and C2H2 molecules.
Distinguish between a sigma and a pi bond.
Predict the shapes of the following molecules on the basis of hybridisation.
\[\ce{BCl3, CH4 , CO2, NH3}\]
Match the species in Column I with the type of hybrid orbitals in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) \[\ce{SF4}\] | (a) sp3d2 |
| (ii) \[\ce{IF5}\] | (b) d2sp3 |
| (iii) \[\ce{NO^{+}2}\], | (c) sp3d |
| (iv) \[\ce{NH^{+}4}\], | (d) sp3 |
| (e) sp |
Match the shape of molecules in Column I with the type of hybridisation in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Tetrahedral | (a) sp2 |
| (ii) Trigonal | (b) sp |
| (iii) Linear | (c) sp3 |
What is the type of hybridisation of carbon atoms marked with star.
\[\ce{CH3 - \overset{∗}{C}H2 - OH}\]
What is the type of hybridisation of carbon atoms marked with star.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{..........}\ce{O}\\
\phantom{..........}||\\
\ce{CH3 - CH2 - \overset{∗}{C} - H}
\end{array}\]
BF3 is a planar and electron-deficient compound. Hybridization and the number of electrons around the central atom, respectively are ______.
In the given reaction,
the number of sp2 hybridised carbon (s) in compound 'X' is ______.
