Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Explain the structure of carbonyl functional group
उत्तर
Structure of the carbonyl functional group:
1) In aldehydes and ketones, the carbonyl carbon atom is sp2 hybridised and bonded to three other atoms by sigma (σ) bonds. One of the sigma bond is formed with oxygen atom and other two with hydrogen and/or with carbon atoms. Thus, the carbonyl carbon and the three atoms attached to it lie in the same plane.
2) The remaining unhybridized 2p orbital of carbon overlaps with 2p orbital of oxygen to form pi (π) bond. This results in double bond between carbon and oxygen.
3) The bond angles are approximately 120° as expected of a trigonal coplanar
structure as shown in the figure.
The oxygen atom carries two lone pairs of electrons. The π-electron cloud lies above and below the plane of the rest of the atoms.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Arrange the following in the increasing order of their boiling points : C2H5OH, CH3 − CHO, CH3 − COOH
The carbonyl carbon atom:
In Clemmensen Reduction carbonyl compound is treated with:
Treatment of compound \[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{.....}\ce{O}\\
\phantom{.....}||\\
\ce{Ph - O - C - Ph}
\end{array}\] with \[\ce{NaOH}\] solution yields
(i) Phenol
(ii) Sodium phenoxide
(iii) Sodium benzoate
(iv) Benzophenone
Arrange the following in decreasing order of their acidic strength. Give explanation for the arrangement.
\[\ce{C6H5COOH, FCH2COOH, NO2CH2COOH}\]
Assertion: Compounds containing \[\ce{-CHO}\] group are easily oxidised to corresponding carboxylic acids.
Reason: Carboxylic acids can be reduced to alcohols by treatment with \[\ce{LiAlH4}\].
Write down functional isomers of a carbonyl compound with molecular formula \[\ce{C3H6O}\]. Which isomer will react faster with \[\ce{HCN}\] and why? Explain the mechanism of the reaction also. Will the reaction lead to the completion with the conversion of whole reactant into product at reaction conditions? If a strong acid is added to the reaction mixture what will be the effect on concentration of the product and why?
Among the given compound, the most susceptible to nucleophile attack at the at the carbonyl group
Which of the following is INCORRECT?
