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प्रश्न
Explain the following, give an appropriate reason.
The electron affinity values of Be and Mg are almost zero and those of N (0.02 eV) and P (0.80 eV) are very low.
उत्तर
Be (Z = 4) 1s2 2s2
Mg (Z = 12) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Noble gases have the electronic configuration of ns2 np6. All these are completely filled and are more stable. For all these elements Be, Mg and noble gases, the addition of electrons is unfavorable and so they have zero electron affinity.
Nitrogen (Z = 7) 1s2 2s2 2px1 2py1 2pz1.
It has a half-filled electronic configuration. So the addition of electrons is unfavorable and it has a very low electron affinity value of 0.02 eV.
Phosphorus (Z = 15) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3px1 3py1 3pz1.
It also has a half-filled electronic configuration. Due to the symmetry and more stability, it has a very low electron affinity value of 0.80 eV.
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| IE1 | IE2 | IE3 | IE4 | IE5 |
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