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प्रश्न
India has one of the most comprehensive constitutions in the world. Discuss any four of its salient features.
उत्तर
Four salient features of Indian constitution are as follow:
- Longest written Constitution: The Indian Constitution is the world's longest written constitution. The Constitution explains the laws in detail through many Articles that are separated into Parts and Schedules. It includes several adjustments to accommodate the diverse demands of its inhabitants.
- Self-made and enacted constitution: The Indian Constitution was drafted by the people of India through their duly elected and representative body, the Constituent Assembly, which was established in December 1946. It is properly passed following an extensive discussion of its objectives, concepts, and provisions.
- Preamble of the Constitution: The Preamble to the Indian Constitution is a well-written piece that explains the constitution's concept. It declares India to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republican and welfare state dedicated to ensuring justice, liberty and equality for all people in order to promote fraternity, individual dignity and national unity and integrity. The Preamble is the key to the Constitution. It summarises the nature of the Indian state and the goals it is committed to achieving for its people.
- Federal structure and a Unitary Spirit: The Constitution describes India as a Union of States, but it also calls for a federal structure with a unitary spirit. Like a federation, the Indian Constitution provides for
- a division of power between the centre and the states.
- a written and rigid constitution;
- the supremacy of the Constitution;
- an independent judiciary with the authority to resolve Central State disputes over power division; and
- bicameralism. The Constitution, on the other hand, clearly shows the unitary ethos by establishing a strong central government, a common constitution, single citizenship, emergency measures, a common Election Commission, a common all-India service and so on. The mix of federalism and unitarianism was done with the pluralistic nature of Indian society in mind, as well as the presence of regional variety and the necessity to ensure the nation's unity and integrity.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the question briefly.
Mention any two words that were added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment to the Constitution of India.
Differentiate between the Provisions of Part III and Part IV of the Indian Constitution.
A constitutional division of power exists between the national government, which exercises authority over the whole national territory and state governments that exercise independent authority within their own territories.
Which form of government is being referred to here?
Article 17 of the Constitution of India abolishes titles.
Give one word/term for the following:
Under the Indian Constitution, the emergency declared due to war or armed rebellion.
The Constituent function of the Legislature refers to its power to ______.
The time allocated to the members of the Indian Parliament to elicit information from the Council of Ministers is called ______.
Under Article 356 of the Constitution of India, if there is a breakdown of constitutional machinery in a state, ______ Rule can be imposed.
The United States has a rigid constitution. In the light of this statement, explain how the Constitution of the United States can be amended.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
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“If there is one feature of our constitution, which is basic and fundamental to the maintenance of democracy and the rule of law, it is the power of judicial review and it is unquestionably, to my mind, part of the basic structure of the Constitution. Of course, when I say this, it should not be taken to suggest that however effective alternative institutional mechanisms or arrangements for judicial review cannot be made by Parliament. But what I wish to emphasise is that judicial review is a vital principle of our constitution, and it cannot be abrogated without affecting the basic structure of the constitution.” Source: Justice P.N. Bhagwati (Supreme Court) Minerva Mills Ltd. & Others vs Union of India & Others [1981] |
- Describe the feature which is part of the basic structure of the constitution, as referred to in the passage given above. (2)
- State four principles of this feature. (4)
- What is the basis to establish it in India? How is it different from that of the USA? (2)
